Alphabeta Math
CounterexampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

A linear representation need not be faithful

Statement refuted

Exhibiting a finite-dimensional linear representation of a group already exhibits a faithful one.

Counterexample

Given: n≥2, the classical braid group Bn with its Artin presentation and generators σ1,…,σn−1 (The braid group by Artin presentation), and a field F.

1.1givenconstruct

The endpoint permutation. Since the transpositions si=(i i+1)∈Sn satisfy sisi+1si=si+1sisi+1 and sisj=sjsi for ∣i−j∣>1, the assignment π:Bn→Sn, π(σi)=si, respects the Artin presentation and is a homomorphism. Composing it with the standard permutation representation Sn→GLn(F) gives a linear representation πF:Bn⟶GLn(F) of degree n over any field.

2.1givenstep 1.1algebra

The kernel is nontrivial. The exponent-sum map ε:Bn→Z, ε(σi)=1, is well defined because every Artin relator has equal total exponent on both sides; hence ε(σ12)=2≠0 and σ12≠1 in Bn. The element σ12 is pure: its image under π is s12=1. Therefore σ12 is a nontrivial element of ker⁡π, and a fortiori of ker⁡πF; for n≥2 the kernel of the permutation representation is the nontrivial pure braid group.

3.1step 2.1algebra∎

Linear does not mean faithful. Thus for every n≥2 the group Bn admits the linear representation πF of degree n with ker⁡πF≠1. Linearity of Bn is therefore not witnessed by an arbitrary representation: the content of Every classical braid group is linear lies in the faithfulness of ρLKB, not merely in the existence of a representation, and the claim stated above is refuted.

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

7 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources