Alphabeta Math
CounterexampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-07
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Finite fibres do not imply a module-finite map

Statement refuted

False claim: a morphism of affine classical varieties with finite fibres must be module-finite.

Work over a fixed algebraically closed field k, with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement refuted, for the explicit witness below.

[F1]

A morphism f:XY of classical varieties is quasi-finite if every closed-point fibre Xy is a finite set; empty fibres are allowed. Classical morphisms here are of finite type: for an affine target chart and an affine source chart above it, any finite set of k-algebra generators of the source ring also generates it over the target ring. The inverse image has a finite affine cover because it is an open of a Noetherian variety. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field k, with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Quasi-finite classical morphisms).

[F2]

For affine classical algebraic sets X,Y, call a morphism f:XY module-finite if k[X], via pullback, is a finitely generated k[Y]-module. This is the affine module criterion. Empty affine sets are allowed, with zero coordinate ring; the definition does not assert a global affine-preimage criterion for arbitrary varieties. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field k, with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Module-finite affine maps for the quasi-finite comparison).

[F3]

For a morphism f:XY of classical varieties and a closed point yY, let Xy=f1(y) have its reduced closed-subvariety structure. Its dimension is the chain dimension, with dimXy= if the fibre is empty. On affine charts VY containing y and Uf1(V), writing A=k[V] and B=k[U], the fibre chart has coordinate ring B/myB. Here general morphisms have the locally ringed-space meaning; the earlier affine morphism definition applies to the restrictions UV. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field k, with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Reduced closed-point fibres and their dimension).

Counterexample

1.1

Take j:GmA1, with ring map k[t]k[t,t1]. Its fibres are a singleton at each nonzero parameter and empty at zero, so it is quasi-finite. The inverse map between Gm and V(ts1) identifies its coordinate ring with the indicated Laurent ring.

F1F3
2.1

If finitely many Laurent polynomials generated k[t,t1] as a k[t]-module, there would be M0 such that every exponent in all these generators was at least M. Multiplication by polynomials and finite addition cannot introduce a smaller exponent. Thus their span cannot contain t(M+1), a contradiction. The module-finiteness criterion fails.

F2step 1.1

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Sources