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Finite fibres do not imply a module-finite map
Statement refuted
False claim: a morphism of affine classical varieties with finite fibres must be module-finite.
Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement refuted, for the explicit witness below.
A morphism of classical varieties is quasi-finite if every closed-point fibre is a finite set; empty fibres are allowed. Classical morphisms here are of finite type: for an affine target chart and an affine source chart above it, any finite set of -algebra generators of the source ring also generates it over the target ring. The inverse image has a finite affine cover because it is an open of a Noetherian variety. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Quasi-finite classical morphisms).
For affine classical algebraic sets , call a morphism module-finite if , via pullback, is a finitely generated -module. This is the affine module criterion. Empty affine sets are allowed, with zero coordinate ring; the definition does not assert a global affine-preimage criterion for arbitrary varieties. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Module-finite affine maps for the quasi-finite comparison).
For a morphism of classical varieties and a closed point , let have its reduced closed-subvariety structure. Its dimension is the chain dimension, with if the fibre is empty. On affine charts containing and , writing and , the fibre chart has coordinate ring . Here general morphisms have the locally ringed-space meaning; the earlier affine morphism definition applies to the restrictions . Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Reduced closed-point fibres and their dimension).
Counterexample
Take , with ring map . Its fibres are a singleton at each nonzero parameter and empty at zero, so it is quasi-finite. The inverse map between and identifies its coordinate ring with the indicated Laurent ring.
If finitely many Laurent polynomials generated as a -module, there would be such that every exponent in all these generators was at least . Multiplication by polynomials and finite addition cannot introduce a smaller exponent. Thus their span cannot contain , a contradiction. The module-finiteness criterion fails.
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Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Milne §8c Quasi-finite maps; affine open immersion comparison (standard reference, not scraped)