Alphabeta Math
CounterexampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passaudited 2026-08-27
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The punctured disc has an irregular boundary point and a continuous boundary datum with no harmonic solution

Statement refuted

A bounded plane domain need not solve the Dirichlet problem for every continuous boundary datum. The punctured disc Ω={z:0<z<1} with boundary values 0 on z=1 and 1 at the puncture is a witness.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The punctured disc Ω={0<z<1}, the boundary datum φ equal to 0 on z=1 and 1 at 0.

[L1]

A bounded harmonic function on a punctured disc extends harmonically across the puncture (A bounded harmonic function near an isolated puncture extends harmonically).

[L2]

On the unit disc, the only continuous harmonic function with zero boundary values is the zero function (The bounded plane Dirichlet problem has at most one continuous harmonic solution).

[L3]

If every boundary point of a bounded domain were regular, Perron's method would solve every continuous Dirichlet problem there (On a regular bounded plane domain, Perron's method solves the Dirichlet problem).

Counterexample

technique · direct
1.1

Suppose u were a continuous harmonic solution of this boundary-value problem on Ω. Then u is bounded on every punctured neighbourhood of 0 because it extends continuously to the puncture with value 1. By [L1], u extends to a harmonic function U on the full unit disc.

assume-contraL1
2.1

The extension U still has boundary value 0 on the unit circle, so [L2] forces U0 on the closed unit disc. But then U(0)=0, contradicting the prescribed puncture value 1. Therefore no such harmonic solution exists.

L2step 1.1discharge-contradiction
3.1

Since one continuous boundary datum is not solvable on Ω, [L3] shows that Ω cannot have all boundary points regular. In particular, the puncture is an irregular boundary point.

L3step 2.1

Depends on

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