How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Formal consistency of PFA from a supercompact
Statement
For the fixed certified arithmetizations of and ,
This is a formal proof-code reduction. It does not extract a transitive model of either full theory from consistency.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The proof predicates, contradiction sentence, and PA representations fixed by the two suppliers.
PA verifies a total map taking every certified -refutation to a certified -refutation. Finite-fragment compiler for the PFA iteration
A base-verified total refutation reduction from to yields in that base . Formal consistency transfer from a verified reduction
Proof
Apply F2 with arithmetic base PA, source theory , target theory , and reduction from F1. Its verified premise has the required orientation: a proof of contradiction in ZFC+PFA is sent to a proof of contradiction in ZFC plus a supercompact. Therefore PA proves
Equivalently, inside PA assume and let be arbitrary. If were a certified -refutation, F1 would make a certified -refutation, contradicting the assumption. Universal generalization over gives . This spells out both quantifiers and confirms that no converse implication is being used.
On standard natural numbers the formal implication gives the corresponding external relative-consistency consequence. F1 constructs only finite proof codes, and F2 explicitly requires no model extraction. Hence neither step produces a generic extension or a countable transitive model from the bare consistency hypothesis.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
11 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Cummings, Iterated Forcing and Elementary Embeddings, Theorem 24.11 (standard reference, not scraped)