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Local Newton convergence for a simple nonlinear shooting root
Statement
Here means twice continuously differentiable. Let the exact shooting residual be on an open neighborhood of a root , with , invertible, and Lipschitz on a closed ball about . Assume there is an open neighborhood of on which the exact IVP flow is an evaluator satisfying Certified differentiable IVP approximation interface for shooting with , , and . Also assume is on an open neighborhood of , as required by Finite-budget single shooting for a nonlinear two-point BVP. Then there are and such that, for every initial trial , every attempted exact-Jacobian Newton update is defined, remains in this ball, and satisfies
A finite budget may stop before the residual tolerance is met. No arbitrary-start or global-convergence guarantee follows.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The exact shooting residual, its simple root and local regularity, the exact evaluator, a residual tolerance, a finite update budget, and an initial state in the local ball below.
Certified differentiable IVP approximation interface for shooting: the exact flow is an allowed evaluator with zero trajectory error and endpoint map equal to the exact flow endpoint map.
Derivative of the nonlinear shooting residual: the residual Jacobian is for the exact endpoint map.
Finite-budget single shooting for a nonlinear two-point BVP: with the exact evaluator, the method applies the finite exact-Jacobian Newton steps to and has the stated stopping statuses.
Updated-Jacobian Newton has local quadratic convergence at a simple root: a square map with a simple root and Lipschitz Jacobian has a ball where its exact-Jacobian Newton updates remain valid and satisfy a quadratic error estimate; a finite budget may stop early.
Proof
The residual is a square map from an open subset of to . Intersect its neighborhood with the exact-evaluator neighborhood ; this is still open and contains . The stated root, invertible derivative, and Lipschitz bound give the map hypotheses of [F4] on a closed ball inside that intersection.
The exact evaluator in [F1] makes the computed residual in [F3] equal to , and [F2] supplies its exact Jacobian. Applying [F4] therefore gives a radius and constant for which every attempted update is defined, remains in the ball, and obeys the quadratic estimate. Procedure [F3] can stop earlier on residual tolerance or budget; neither stopping status changes the update conclusion, and [F4] supplies no global-start claim.
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Sources
- R. Verfürth, Numerical Methods and Stochastics, Part I: Numerical Methods, Lecture Notes (standard reference, not scraped)
- E. Hairer and G. Wanner, Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II, Chapter VI: Iterative Methods—Nonlinear Equations (standard reference, not scraped)