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DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Littlewood--Richardson tableaux and coefficients

Definition

Let λ,ν be partitions with [λ]⊆[ν], and let μ be a partition with ∣ν∣=∣λ∣+∣μ∣. Use the conventions of Skew diagrams and semistandard skew tableaux for the skew diagram ν/λ and for semistandard skew tableaux of shape ν/λ, and those of Semistandard tableaux and Kostka numbers for the content of a tableau; recall that entries of a semistandard skew tableau weakly increase along rows and strictly increase down columns (Partitions, English diagrams, and conjugation fixes the English row and column coordinates).

The reading word w(T) of a semistandard skew tableau T of shape ν/λ is the word obtained by reading the rows of T from right to left, beginning with the top row and proceeding to the bottom row. The word w(T)=a1a2⋯aN is a lattice word (a lattice permutation) if in every prefix a1⋯ap and for every i≥1 the number of letters i in the prefix is at least the number of letters i+1; the empty word is a lattice word vacuously.

A Littlewood--Richardson tableau (LR tableau) of shape ν/λ and content μ is a semistandard skew tableau of shape ν/λ and content μ whose reading word is a lattice word. The Littlewood--Richardson coefficient cλμν∈Z≥0 is the number of LR tableaux of shape ν/λ and content μ; it is 0 when [λ]⊈[ν], when ∣ν∣≠∣λ∣+∣μ∣, or when no such tableau exists. For μ=∅ and ν=λ the empty skew tableau is the unique tableau of content ∅, its reading word is empty, and hence cλ∅λ=1; more generally cλμλ=0 unless μ=∅, and cλμν=0 unless λ⊆ν and ∣ν∣=∣λ∣+∣μ∣.

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