How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
PCP classes with completeness and soundness
Definition
Let be resource bounds and let be constants independent of input length. A language belongs to exactly when there are a verifier of the type in PCP verifier resources and deterministic proof strings, with randomness bound and query bound , a fixed finite proof alphabet, and a polynomial such that its addressable proof length is at most and the following hold for every input of length :
- If , there is one fixed proof with .
- If , every fixed proof satisfies .
Both probabilities are over the verifier's coins; the same deterministic proof is used for every coin string. In the shorthand , the proof alphabet is , the randomness is , the number of bit queries is bounded by a constant, completeness is perfect (), and soundness is at most some fixed constant . Here means a constant query bound, not exactly one query.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
3 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Irit Dinur, The PCP Theorem by Gap Amplification (standard reference, not scraped)
- Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak, Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach (standard reference, not scraped)