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DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Choi matrix with input factor first

Definition

Let Hin and Hout be finite-dimensional (have finite bases by Finite-dimensional vector space, and its dimension dim⁡FV; infinite-dimensional means having no finite basis) complex inner-product spaces (Real and complex inner-product spaces and their induced length), and fix an ordered orthonormal basis B=(e0,…,en−1) of Hin (the register basis convention is in Finite registers and their ordered computational bases). For i,j<n, let Eij∈L(Hin) be the matrix unit, where L(Hin) denotes the complex-linear endomorphisms (Linear map between vector spaces over the same field), Eijx:=⟨x,ej⟩ei, using the root inner product convention that the first argument is linear. Given a complex-linear map Φ:L(Hin)→L(Hout) (Linear map between vector spaces over the same field), its Choi matrix relative to B is

JB(Φ):=∑i,j<nEij⊗Φ(Eij)∈L(Hin⊗Hout), where the operator tensor is the tensor map of Tensor products of finitely many linear maps and the tensor inner product is the finite product pairing in Ordered tensor registers, their inner product, and wire permutations.

The tensor factors are ordered input first and output second. The coordinate matrix has size (n dim⁡Hout)×(n dim⁡Hout). The chosen input basis is part of this definition. If the input basis is empty, the displayed sum is empty; if dim⁡Hout=0, each summand is zero and JB(Φ) is the unique endomorphism of the zero-dimensional tensor product.

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Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources