Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: AI-generatedVerification: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Absolute loss and conditional medians

Example

Let X={u}, Y={0,4} with discrete sigma-algebras, A=R with its Borel sigma-algebra, and F the set of all predictors from X to R. Give the joint law by P(u,0)=P(u,4)=1/2 and define the label coordinate Y(u,y)=y. Use absolute loss ℓ(a,y)=∣a−y∣. A median of a probability law on R is a value m satisfying both P(Y≤m)≥1/2 and P(Y≥m)≥1/2. The conditional law of Y at the only instance assigns probability 1/2 to each of 0 and 4, so every m∈[0,4] is a median. The predictors fm(u)=m for m∈[0,4] all minimize population risk, with risk 2; every predictor with value outside [0,4] has risk greater than 2.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The finite measurable spaces, joint law, absolute loss and predictor class stated in the example.

[F1]

A supervised problem specifies the measurable spaces, joint law, predictor class and loss. Supervised prediction problems

[F2]

Population risk is the integral of the nonnegative loss under the joint law. Population and empirical risk

Verification

1.1givenF1F2algebra

The only instance has probability one, so for a predictor with value t∈R the population risk is RP(ft)=12∣t∣+12∣t−4∣.

2.1givenstep 1.1algebra∎

If t≤0, this risk is 2−t; if 0≤t≤4, it is 2; and if t≥4, it is t−2. Thus its minimizers are exactly [0,4]. For each such m, both median inequalities hold with probability at least 1/2; outside this interval one of the inequalities fails.

Depends on

Used by

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