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Blass's paired finite-modification classes

Statement

For a Cohen index k outside the finitely many parameter coordinates, an unused-tail flip interchanges δ(ak) and δ(ω∖ak) while fixing their pair

f(k)={δ(ak),δ(ω∖ak)}.

This calculation blocks a choice function on every infinite subfamily of the canonical pairs.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Blass's Cohen extension and parameter-HOD model N.

[F1]

Blass's paired finite-modification classes form a Russell set proves that the values f(k) are pairwise disjoint two-element sets and that no infinite subfamily has a choice function.

[F2]

Blass's finite-modification classes and parameter-HOD model says each member of N is hereditarily uniquely definable from f, ordinals, and finitely many reals from the displayed reservoir S.

[F3]

The tail-complement automorphism fixes finitely supported names supplies the finite-condition unused-tail flip at a specified fresh Cohen coordinate.

[F4]

Truth lemma supplies a condition in the actual generic forcing a true unique-definition and value assertion.

[F5]

Symmetry lemma for forcing automorphisms transports that forced assertion through the tail flip.

Proof

technique · contradiction by a fresh-coordinate tail flip
1.1F1F2assume-contra

Suppose c∈N chooses one member of f(k) for every k in an infinite K⊆ω. By F2, a unique definition of c uses only f, ordinals, and reals s1,…,st∈S∖{f} coming from finitely many coordinate indices m1,…,mt. Let k be the least member of K∖{m1,…,mt}; this canonical fresh choice uses no Choice principle. Interchanging the two labels if necessary, suppose c(f(k))=δ(ak).

2.1F2F3F4step 1.1

By F4 choose a finite p∈G forcing both the unique defining formula for c and c(f(k))=δ(ak). Let b=0 if p mentions no bit of row k, and otherwise let b exceed every mentioned bit. Flip all (k,j) with j≥b. By F3 this fixes p, every ordinal, and each si. It sends ak to a finite modification of ω∖ak, so it interchanges δ(ak) and δ(ω∖ak). It fixes f(k) as an unordered pair and fixes all other values of f, hence fixes f.

3.1F1F5step 2.1discharge-contradiction∎

Apply F5 to the assertion forced in step 2.1. Because its condition and every defining parameter are fixed, the same p forces that the same uniquely defined c satisfies c(f(k))=δ(ω∖ak). Since p∈G, both value equations hold in the extension, but F1 says their right-hand sides are distinct. This contradicts functionality of c. Thus no choice function exists on an infinite subfamily. A choice on the empty subfamily, on one pair, or on any other fixed finite subfamily is not excluded; the obstruction is exactly the infinite partial-choice claim. The example uses no assertion about ultrafilters on arbitrary sets.

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources