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The A2 Davis complex is a hexagon whose boundary is the Coxeter complex circle
Statement
Let with , and let be the Coxeter group of type , so and (Support, intrinsic parabolic presentations, minimal coset representatives and length additivity, with the type-A identification (4)). Let , , and be as in Spherical subsets, the nerve, the poset of spherical cosets, and the Davis realization, and let be the Coxeter cells of Finite Coxeter orbit polytopes, face isometries and their cocycle.
(i) The spherical subsets are . The spherical-coset cellulation has six -cells, three edges of type , three edges of type , and one -cell, hence cells.
(ii) If , then is a regular hexagon. The order-complex realization is homeomorphic to the barycentric subdivision of , so the Davis complex is a closed disk. Its coarse Coxeter-cell structure has Euler characteristic .
(iii) The proper spherical-coset cells form the boundary cycle: six vertices and six edges. This circle is the Coxeter complex of type , namely the Coxeter complex of the proper parabolic subgroups, as in The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere (4).
(iv) The chamber consists of the two triangles and glued along their common edge , so it is a square with a diagonal. The quotient is homeomorphic to and is compact (The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K) (4)). The link of each vertex in the hexagonal cell structure is a closed interval, the nerve consisting of the single -simplex with vertices .
(v) Thus the finite Coxeter complex is the boundary circle , while the Davis complex itself is the disk and is contractible. These are different spaces.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The Coxeter matrix on with , its group , the spherical subsets , the spherical-coset poset , and .
The spherical subsets are those for which is finite; the nerve has vertex set and its nonempty simplices are the nonempty spherical subsets; and (Spherical subsets, the nerve, the poset of spherical cosets, and the Davis realization (1),(3)).
Typed spherical cosets are equal exactly when their types agree and their representatives differ by an element of the corresponding parabolic; their nonempty intersections and quotient-poset structure are given by the coset criteria (Equality, inclusion and intersection of spherical cosets, and the quotient poset (1),(3),(4)).
For spherical , satisfies , and is a compact convex polyhedral cell of dimension with in its interior; its nonempty faces are exactly the faces indexed by spherical cosets inside (Finite Coxeter orbit polytopes, face isometries and their cocycle (1)).
The canonical map from to the cell gluing is a homeomorphism and carries the subposet below each spherical coset onto the barycentric subdivision of its Coxeter cell (The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K) (1)).
Under the cellulation, a coset indexes a cell of dimension , and the cells are exactly the images of the corresponding Coxeter cells (The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K) (2)).
The quotient is homeomorphic to the chamber and is compact (The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K) (4)).
On the rank-two plane, and ; the simple reflections preserve , and has determinant and trace when (Reflections: involutivity, form invariance, fixed hyperplane, and exact rank-two order (2),(3)).
The canonical reflection representation satisfies and (The canonical reflection homomorphism, roots, reflections, and the positive cone (1)).
The Coxeter presentation has relators for each generator and for each distinct pair with finite (Coxeter matrices, the presented Coxeter group, reduced words, length, and standard parabolic subgroups).
In type , the assignment of the two generators to adjacent transpositions extends to an isomorphism (Support, intrinsic parabolic presentations, minimal coset representatives and length additivity, with the type-A identification (4)).
For a finite Coxeter system of rank at least one, the cosets of proper parabolics give the spherical Coxeter complex, a triangulation of the unit sphere, with face poset the coset face poset (The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere (4)).
A finite dihedral orbit polytope of order is a -gon and is regular when its generating point is equidistant from the two rays bounding the fundamental sector (Davis, The Geometry and Topology of Coxeter Groups, Example 7.3.2(ii), p. 129).
In type , the coarser cell structure has six -cells, six -cells, and one -cell (Boyd, Homology of Coxeter and Artin groups, Example 1.3.11, pp. 23-24).
Proof
By [F9], the relations are and . Put ; then , so every word reduces to or with . The map , is onto , so the six normal forms are distinct and , in agreement with [F10]. Thus and each have index , while . The cosets are and the six singleton cosets . The equality criterion [F2] shows that these are distinct within each type, and different types give different cells. Since every subset of is spherical, these are all cells; their dimensions are by [F3],[F5]. This gives cells, agreeing with the coarser counts of [F13].
In the rank-two reflection plane, the reflecting lines bound a sector of angle : by [F7] their unit normals have inner product , so the normals meet at angle and their perpendicular lines meet at angle . By [F8], the action defining sends to these two reflections. The distances of from the two walls are and by [F3]. If , then lies on the sector's internal angle bisector. Choose angular coordinates with the walls at and ; then has angle . The reflections preserve , and their product has determinant and trace by [F7], so in this Euclidean plane it is a rotation by or . The orbit angles are therefore and for . These are the six equally spaced angles , . Their convex hull is a regular hexagon, as also recorded in [F12].
The proper nonempty faces of are its six vertices and six edge cosets by [F3] and the lists in step 1.1. The boundary walk alternates the two labels and has vertices : they are distinct up to the repeated endpoint by the six normal forms in step 1.1. Hence the proper cells form a -cycle, which is the rank-two Coxeter complex described by [F11]. Since itself is spherical, [F1] makes the single -simplex on . At each hexagon vertex there are exactly two incident edges, one of each label, and the unique -cell joins their directions; its local link is therefore one closed interval, the same -simplex .
The order complex of the four-element poset has the two triangles and , glued along , so its realization is the stated square chamber . By [F4], the subposet below the maximal coset (which is all of ) realizes the barycentric subdivision of ; consequently is homeomorphic to the closed disk . Its coarse cellulation has the six vertices, six edges, and one face from step 1.1, giving Euler characteristic , in agreement with [F13]. Since is convex and contains by [F3], the homotopy contracts it to . The quotient statement follows from [F6]. All group and coset lists are finite and explicit, so no Choice is used.
Remarks
The presentation and type-A suppliers are used in step 1.1; the rank-two reflection formula and canonical action in step 1.2; the finite chamber theorem in step 2.1; and the cellulation and chamber-quotient theorem in step 3.1. Source comparisons [F12] and [F13] corroborate the local computations; they do not replace those arguments.
Depends on
- Spherical subsets, the nerve, the poset of spherical cosets, and the Davis realization
- Equality, inclusion and intersection of spherical cosets, and the quotient poset
- Finite Coxeter orbit polytopes, face isometries and their cocycle
- The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K)
- Reflections: involutivity, form invariance, fixed hyperplane, and exact rank-two order
- Support, intrinsic parabolic presentations, minimal coset representatives and length additivity, with the type-A identification
- The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere
- Coxeter matrices, the presented Coxeter group, reduced words, length, and standard parabolic subgroups
- The canonical reflection homomorphism, roots, reflections, and the positive cone
Used by
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Sources
- M. W. Davis, The Geometry and Topology of Coxeter Groups, author manuscript of the first edition (Princeton Univ. Press, 2008) (standard reference, not scraped)
- R. Boyd, Homology of Coxeter and Artin groups, PhD thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018 (with corrections) (standard reference, not scraped)