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The B2 Davis complex is an octagon whose boundary is the Coxeter complex circle
Example
Let with , and use the Coxeter cells with positive distances .
(i) is dihedral of order , all four subsets of are spherical, and there are eight vertices, four edges of each label, and one -cell: cells in all.
(ii) For , is a regular octagon and is its barycentric subdivision, a closed disk. Its proper cells form an eight-edge boundary circle, identified with the rank-two Coxeter complex.
(iii) consists of the two triangles and along their common diagonal, hence is a square. The compact quotient is homeomorphic to . The octagon subdivision has triangles, eight translates of the two chamber triangles.
(iv) If , the cell is an octagon with alternating edge lengths , so it is not regular. Its cell counts and disk topology are unchanged.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: with , its presented group , positive distances , and the Davis cellulation.
Spherical types are precisely those with finite parabolic groups; cells are indexed by spherical cosets (Spherical subsets, the nerve, the poset of spherical cosets, and the Davis realization, Equality, inclusion and intersection of spherical cosets, and the quotient poset (1)).
The cells have dimension , and the face map is an isometry from onto the face indexed by (Finite Coxeter orbit polytopes, face isometries and their cocycle (1),(3)).
The Davis realization has one cell for each spherical coset, subdivides each such cell by its coset subposet, and has compact chamber quotient (The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K) (1),(2),(4)).
The cells are closed balls; for rank two with equal distances, the orbit cell is regular with sides, and each rank-one cell is the interval from to (The Davis complex as a CW complex: disk cells and the Cayley skeleta (1),(4)).
In finite type the proper parabolic cosets index the spherical Coxeter complex with incidence reversed (The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere (3),(4)).
For with , the Coxeter presentation has relators , and every map of into a group satisfying these relators extends uniquely to a homomorphism from (Coxeter matrices, the presented Coxeter group, reduced words, length, and standard parabolic subgroups).
If is finite and , then (Lagrange's theorem: for every subgroup of a finite group ).
Verification
By [F6], . Put ; then , , and , so . Moving every to the right and reducing powers of shows that every element is one of or for , hence . To separate these eight forms, let and on ; both are reflections, is a quarter-turn, and the eight maps and are distinct. By [F6] these assignments define a homomorphism from onto the eight-element symmetry group of the square, so and the forms are distinct. The images also show , hence and ; all four subsets are spherical by [F1]. By [F7], each singleton parabolic has four left cosets in . There are eight singleton cosets and one top coset , so [F1]–[F3] give cells.
By [F2] and [step 1.1], the top cell is a two-dimensional convex polytope with eight vertices and eight edges, so it is an octagon; [F4] makes it regular when . At each vertex , the incident rank-one cosets are exactly and : both contain , and any coset of either type containing equals the corresponding one by [F1]. Thus the edge labels alternate. All cosets lie below , so [F3] identifies with its barycentric subdivision, and [F4] gives a closed disk. The boundary consists of its eight vertices and eight edges. These proper cosets label the rank-two Coxeter complex by [F5]; both graphs are cycles with alternating singleton types, and exchanging their vertex and edge labels gives the dual circle identification.
The spherical-subset poset has exactly two maximal chains and ; their triangles meet in the diagonal , producing . By [F3] it is the compact quotient. Every maximal coset chain chooses one of eight vertices and one of its two incident edges before the top cell, giving triangles. Each vertex gives the two chains and , precisely the translate .
Each edge of label or is isometric to its rank-one cell by [F2], and has length or by [F4]. Labels alternate around the octagon, so unequal distances give unequal side lengths and exclude regularity. For every positive distance family [F2] gives the same coset faces and [F4] gives the disk topology. All calculations and constructions are finite, so no Choice is used.
Depends on
- Spherical subsets, the nerve, the poset of spherical cosets, and the Davis realization
- Equality, inclusion and intersection of spherical cosets, and the quotient poset
- Finite Coxeter orbit polytopes, face isometries and their cocycle
- The cellulation of the Davis complex: incidence, stabilizers and the model U(W,K)
- The Davis complex as a CW complex: disk cells and the Cayley skeleta
- The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere
- Coxeter matrices, the presented Coxeter group, reduced words, length, and standard parabolic subgroups
- Lagrange's theorem: $|G|=[G:H]|H|$ for every subgroup $H$ of a finite group $G$
Used by
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Sources
- M. W. Davis, The Geometry and Topology of Coxeter Groups, author manuscript of the first edition (Princeton Univ. Press, 2008) (standard reference, not scraped)