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Constant-kernel aggregation conserves mass and has explicit number decay

Statement

Let μt be any positive weak solution of the continuous model with constant aggregation kernel K(x,y)=κ≥0 and no active fragmentation (β=0). If N0=M0(μ0) and M=M1(μ0), then M1(μt)=M,M0(μt)=N01+κN0t/2.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The weak formulation for a positive solution and the choices φ=1,x.

[F1]

Continuous-size coagulation-fragmentation weak model: coagulation has ordered-pair factor 1/2, while fragmentation vanishes when β=0.

Proof

1.1givenF1algebra

With φ(x)=x, the coagulation increment is (x+y)−x−y=0. The integral equation therefore gives M1(μt)=M on the solution interval.

2.1givenF1step 1.1algebra∎

With φ=1, the increment is 1−1−1=−1, so N′(t)=−κN(t)2/2. If N0>0, then on every interval where N>0, differentiating 1/N(t) gives (1/N)′=κ/2, hence N(t)=N0/(1+κN0t/2). This expression is positive at every finite t≥0, so continuity precludes a first finite zero and the formula holds throughout the solution interval. If N0=0, positivity gives N(t)≥0 and the differential equation gives N′(t)≤0, so N(t)=0, again the formula.

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