Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedprecheck passverified 2026-09-09 (gpt-6-astra)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

The left six-vertex prime H-graph: primeness and leaf/co-leaf deletions

Example

The left six-vertex prime H-graph L is prime. Its leaves are c,f, and b is its unique co-leaf, meaning a vertex of degree ∣V(L)∣−2=4. Deleting f leaves a diamond with a pendant leaf at b; deleting b leaves the path a−d−e−f and isolated vertex c. Deleting either leaf does not give the bull.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The graph L with vertices a,b,c,d,e,f and edges ab,bc,ad,bd,be,de,ef from The left six-vertex prime H-graph.

[L2]

The bull has five edges (The bull graph).

[F1]

The neighbourhoods computed from the given edge set are N(a)={b,d},N(b)={a,c,d,e},N(c)={b},N(d)={a,b,e},N(e)={b,d,f},N(f)={e}.

Verification

technique · direct finite check
1.1givenF1L2

By [F1], exactly c,f have degree one and exactly b has degree four. Deleting f leaves edges ab,bc,ad,bd,be,de: on a,b,d,e these form a complete graph minus ae, with c attached only to b. Deleting b leaves exactly ad,de,ef and isolated c. Deleting either leaf removes one of the seven edges, leaving six, so neither resulting graph is the five-edge bull.

1.2L1

If a module M contains a set S and a vertex outside S has both a neighbour and a nonneighbour in S, that vertex must also belong to M. Otherwise it would violate the defining uniform outside adjacency of a module. Thus such vertices can be forced into M successively.

2.1F1step 1.2

The following table covers every unordered pair of vertices. Starting from the pair in the first column, append the vertices in the second column from left to right. At each append, [F1] shows that the new vertex has a neighbour and a nonneighbour in the set already obtained. Consequently step 1.2 forces all six vertices into every module containing the initial pair.

| Initial pair | Successive forced vertices | |---|---| | a,b | c,d,e,f | | a,c | d,e,f,b | | a,d | e,f,b,c | | a,e | f,b,c,d | | a,f | b,c,d,e | | b,c | a,d,e,f | | b,d | c,a,e,f | | b,e | a,c,d,f | | b,f | a,c,d,e | | c,d | a,e,f,b | | c,e | d,a,f,b | | c,f | b,a,d,e | | d,e | a,f,b,c | | d,f | a,b,c,e | | e,f | b,a,c,d |

3.1L1step 1.1step 2.1∎

Every set with at least two vertices contains one of those pairs, so step 2.1 excludes every proper module of size at least two. By [L1], L is prime. Together with step 1.1 this proves all the stated claims.

Remarks

The stable item ID retains its earlier bull-deletion wording for link compatibility. That claim concerned the superseded net interpretation of the left graph. The title, statement and verification above concern the actual Nguyen–Scott–Seymour Figure 1 graph.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

10 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources