Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedaudited 2026-10-02
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Full and truncated counting differ for a power map

Example

Let d≥2 be an integer, f(z)=zd and r>1. Then N(r,0;f)=dlog⁡r,Nˉ(r,0;f)=log⁡r,N1(r,0;f)=(d−1)log⁡r, while T(r,f)=dlog⁡r+O(1). In particular the full count strictly exceeds the truncated count, and N=Nˉ+N1 holds with every term explicit.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: An integer d≥2, the function f(z)=zd and a radius r>1.

[F1]

Counting conventions: n(t,0;f) is the multiplicity of the zero of f in ∣z∣≤t, and N(r,0;f)=n(0,0;f)log⁡r+∫0rn(t,0;f)−n(0,0;f)tdt (Counting, chordal proximity and characteristic).

[F2]

Truncated counts: nˉ(t,0;f) counts the distinct zeros once, n1(t,0;f) weights each zero by local degree minus one, and Nˉ, N1 use the same centre-regularized integral as N; moreover N=Nˉ+N1 (Truncated value and ramification counts).

[F3]

For a rational function of degree d≥1, T(r,f)=dlog⁡r+O(1) (Rational functions are exactly those with logarithmic characteristic).

Verification

technique · read the three centre-regularized counts directly from the unique zero at the origin and compare with the rational degree formula
1.1givenalgebra

The function f(z)=zd has exactly one zero, at z=0, of order d. Hence for every t≥0: n(t,0;f)=d, nˉ(t,0;f)=1 and n1(t,0;f)=d−1.

2.1F1step 1.1algebra

Centre regularisation of the first count: n(0,0;f)=d, so N(r,0;f)=dlog⁡r+∫0rd−dtdt=dlog⁡r for every r>0.

2.2F2step 1.1algebra

For the truncated counts the centre values are 1 and d−1 respectively, so Nˉ(r,0;f)=1⋅log⁡r+∫0r1−1tdt=log⁡r and N1(r,0;f)=(d−1)log⁡r.

3.1F2step 2.1step 2.2algebra

Consistency: dlog⁡r=log⁡r+(d−1)log⁡r, in agreement with N=Nˉ+N1; and N(r,0;f)=dlog⁡r>log⁡r=Nˉ(r,0;f) because d≥2 and log⁡r>0.

4.1F3step 2.1step 2.2algebra∎

The rational degree of zd is d, so [F3] gives T(r,f)=dlog⁡r+O(1); thus T=N(r,0;f)+O(1) while the truncated count is smaller by (d−1)log⁡r. The truncated count omits the weight (d−1)log⁡r of the multiple zero. Replacing the full count by the truncated count in the First Main Theorem therefore changes its equality by this unbounded term. In a Second Main Theorem inequality with truncated counts on the right, replacing them by the larger full counts preserves the inequality but gives a weaker bound.

Depends on

Used by

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Dependency tree · two levels

16 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources