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A homotopy between proper maps is automatically proper
Statement
False. Every smooth homotopy whose two endpoint maps are proper is itself a proper map from the product with the parameter interval.
Facts & Assumptions
Degree is invariant under proper smooth homotopy requires properness of the combined map and explicitly does not replace it by endpoint properness.
Refutation
Given: Define by .
This is smooth. At both endpoints, , so and are the identity of . Each is proper because the inverse image of every compact set is that same compact set.
The singleton is compact, but Its closed subspace is homeomorphic to the noncompact real line from [F2]; more directly, the cover by together with the complement of that slice has no finite subcover. Hence is not compact, and is not proper.
Thus proper endpoint maps do not make the combined homotopy proper, and [F1]'s hypothesis cannot be deleted. The midpoint map is the constant zero map, which pinpoints the degeneration. Both endpoints, the compact singleton, and the noncompact inverse image are explicit; the source is nonempty and boundaryless in its spatial variable, and no choice principle is used.
Depends on
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
32 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Robbin–Salamon, Introduction to Differential Topology, proper homotopy clause following Theorem 5.4.1 (standard reference, not scraped)