Alphabeta Math
False statementConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passjudge pass (deepseek-v4-pro + claude-sonnet-5)audited 2026-08-17
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FALSE: every continuous complex-valued function on a convex domain has a primitive

Statement

False claim: Every continuous function f:UC on a convex complex domain U has a primitive.

On U=C, the continuous function f(z)=z is a counterexample.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The whole complex plane U=C, the function f(z)=z, and the positively oriented unit circle γ(t)=exp(it).

[L1]
[L2]

The whole Euclidean plane is convex, since every segment between two of its points remains in the plane (A convex subset of Rm contains every line segment between two of its points).

[L3]

The integral of z1 around the positively oriented unit circle is 2πi (On a positively oriented circle about a, the integral of (z-a)^m is zero for every integer m except -1, and is 2 pi i for m=-1).

[L4]

A primitive F of f is holomorphic and satisfies F=f (A primitive of a complex function on an open set).

[L5]

If F is holomorphic, F is continuous, and γ is closed and rectifiable, then γF=0 (The integral of a continuous complex derivative over every closed rectifiable contour is zero).

[L7]

A complex domain is a nonempty connected open subset of C (A complex domain is a nonempty connected open subset of C).

Refutation

technique · contradiction
1.1

By [L1], zw=zw, so f is continuous; by [L2], its domain C is convex. The complex plane is nonempty and open, and it is connected under its Euclidean identification by [L6], so [L7] makes it a complex domain.

L1L2L6L7
1.2

On the unit circle, zz=1, so z=z1 and [L3] gives γf(z)dz=2πi0.

L1L3algebra
1.3

Suppose, for contradiction, that f has a primitive F on C.

assume-contra
2.1

By [L4], F is holomorphic and F=f; step 1.1 makes this derivative continuous, and the unit circle is closed and rectifiable, so [L5] gives γf=0, contradicting step 1.2. Hence no primitive exists and the claim is false.

step 1.1step 1.2step 1.3L4L5discharge-contradiction

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · next 3 levels

Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 145 results over 18 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.

Sources