Alphabeta Math
False statementConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedprecheck passaudited 2026-08-24
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FALSE: finite volume implies finite lateral surface area

Statement

Every solid of revolution with finite volume has finite lateral surface area.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Gabriel's horn, obtained by rotating r(x)=1/x for x≥1, and its compact truncations 1≤x≤T.

[L1]

If a≤b and f:[a,b]→[0,∞) is continuous, then its solid of revolution about the x-axis is compact and Jordan measurable and has volume π∫abf(x)2 dx (The disc formula for the volume of a solid of revolution).

[L2]

The improper integral ∫1∞x−p dx converges for rational p>1 and diverges for p≤1 (Improper integrals over unbounded intervals, The improper p-test for rational exponents).

[L3]

If a<b and r:[a,b]→[0,∞) is C1 on a neighbourhood of [a,b], positive on (a,b), and vanishes at most at the endpoints, then the surface obtained by rotating r about the axis has area 2π∫abr(s)1+r′(s)2 ds (The surface of revolution has area 2π∫abr(s)1+r′(s)2 ds).

[L5]

If a<b and integrable f,g:[a,b]→R satisfy f(x)≤g(x) for every x, then ∫abf≤∫abg (If f≤g on [a,b] and both are integrable then ∫abf≤∫abg; and m(b−a)≤∫abf≤M(b−a)).

Refutation

technique · direct
1.1givenL1L2

Fix T>1. The profile r(x)=x−1 is continuous and positive on [1,T], so [L1] applies with a=1, b=T and gives the truncation volume V(T)=π∫1Tx−2 dx. By [L2] at p=2, these volumes tend to the finite value π.

1.2givenL2L3L4L5algebra

On a neighbourhood of [1,T] the same r is C1 with r′(x)=−x−2 by [L4], and it is positive throughout, so the hypotheses of [L3] hold and A(T)=2π∫1Tx−11+x−4 dx. Since 1+x−4≥1 on [1,T], [L5] gives A(T)≥2π∫1Tx−1 dx. By [L2] at p=1, the right side is unbounded as T→∞.

2.1step 1.1step 1.2L1L3∎

Thus the horn has finite improper volume but unbounded compact-truncation lateral area, refuting the implication. The truncation T=1 is excluded because [L1] and [L3] need a≤b and a<b respectively; the refutation concerns the unbounded endpoint and uses only T>1.

Depends on

Used by

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Sources