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Fusion paths give a basis of the fixed-boundary path space

Statement

Let C be a complex fusion category, let a,b,c be simple objects, and fix a basis Bx,ay of every finite-dimensional split space Wx,ay=Hom⁡C(y,x⊗a). Use the fixed representative set for internal labels and the chosen empty-path isomorphism of Fixed-boundary anyonic fusion-path space, retaining arbitrary simple external objects a,b,c. For n≥1, every admissible path x0=b,…,xn=c and every tuple of vertex indices μj∈Bxj−1,axj gives a composite map of Fixed-boundary anyonic fusion-path space, and these maps form a basis of Ha,n;b,c. Consequently,

dim⁡Ha,n;b,c=∑x0=b, xn=cx1,…,xn−1 simple representatives∏j=1nNxj−1axj.

At n=0, separately, there is one empty path with vector uc,b when b≅c and no path otherwise; the displayed sum is for n≥1.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A complex fusion category C, simple objects a,b,c, n≥0, and the vertex bases in the Statement.

[F1]

Fixed-boundary anyonic fusion-path space: T0=b, Tj+1=Tj⊗a, Ha,n;b,c=Hom⁡(c,Tn), and a path composite is built from inclusions ij:xj→xj−1⊗a.

[F2]

Fusion and multifusion categories: every object of a fusion category is a finite direct sum of simple objects, and tensor product is bilinear and exact on morphisms.

[F3]

Fusion rules: Nxyz is the multiplicity of simple z in x⊗y and equals dim⁡CHom⁡(x⊗y,z).

[F4]

Absolutely simple objects: for simple z, End⁡(z)=Cid⁡z; Hom spaces between nonisomorphic simple objects are zero.

Proof

Given: The category, boundary charges, site charge, and split-space bases above.

1.1F1F2F4givenbase

For n=0, T0=b and [F4] gives Hom⁡(c,b)=0 when c≇b. If c≅b, composition with the chosen isomorphism uc,b:c→b identifies End⁡(c)=Cid⁡c with Hom⁡(c,b), so the latter has basis uc,b. This is exactly the typed empty-path convention of [F1]. For n=1, the path vectors are directly the chosen basis Bb,ac of Hom⁡(c,b⊗a), since the starting map is id⁡b. This separately proves the positive-length base case without requiring the bases for isomorphic but unequal external objects to coincide.

1.2F1F4givenih

Fix n≥1 and assume for every simple endpoint x that the length-n path composites form a basis of Hom⁡(x,Tn).

2.1F2F3F4step 1.2ihconstructalgebra

By finite semisimplicity, the induction hypothesis decomposes Tn≅⨁x,γx, with one summand for each length-n path γ ending at x. Here x ranges once over the fixed simple representatives, even when the external endpoints are different isomorphic objects. For each such x, finite semisimplicity gives x⊗a≅⨁yy⊕Nxay. Applying Hom⁡(y,−), all nonisomorphic simple summands vanish and each of the Nxay copies of y contributes End⁡(y)=Cid⁡y by [F4]. Hence dim⁡Wx,ay=Nxay and the specified inclusion basis has exactly that many vectors.

3.1F1F2F3F4step 1.2step 2.1ihinduction

Choose retractions px,γ:Tn→x dual to the path inclusions γ:x→Tn in step 2.1. They exist by taking any semisimple decomposition and changing its inclusion basis to the given basis for each simple x; the inverse basis matrix changes its retractions. Thus ∑x,γγpx,γ=id⁡Tn and px,γγ′ is the appropriate Kronecker identity. Tensoring gives a direct-sum decomposition of Tn⊗a with inclusions γ⊗id⁡a and retractions px,γ⊗id⁡a. Applying Hom⁡(c,−) therefore gives the isomorphism ⨁x,γHom⁡(c,x⊗a)→Hom⁡(c,Tn+1) sending (hx,γ) to ∑x,γ(γ⊗id⁡a)hx,γ. Its inverse applies each displayed retraction. Inserting the specified basis Bx,ac in each summand gives exactly the length-(n+1) path composites of [F1], so they form a basis, including when the external c differs from its representative.

4.1F1F2F3step 3.1inductiondischarge-induction: step 1.1algebra∎

For n≥1, step 3.1 shows that each admissible path contributes one basis vector for every tuple of vertex indices, hence contributes ∏j=1ndim⁡Wxj−1,axj=∏j=1nNxj−1axj vectors. Summing over the finitely many internal simple labels gives the displayed dimension; every sum is finite because the category has finitely many simple isomorphism classes and n is finite. Step 1.1 gives the separate n=0 count. Induction completes the basis proof and count.

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