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Actual terminal dot caps have a prefix residue formula

Statement

Fix a real symmetrizable KLR datum over a degree-zero field k, every homogeneous (Q1)–(Q4) parameter family, a dominant framing Λ, and the standard first-strand cyclotomic quotient. More generally let ai(z) be any monic field specialization of degree λi=⟨hi,Λ⟩, using the ungraded monic quotient. Let A=RaΛ(γ), let η=(η1,…,ηn) have root weight γ, and put hi=⟨hi,Λ−γ⟩ and qij(z,x)=Qij(z,x)/tij for i≠j. The maps Tiγ are the actual regular-module second counits constructed in Cyclotomic induction and restriction have compatible Frobenius dual bases, with its canonical first-adjoint identification and ordinary first unit. Define the formal Laurent expansion at infinity Riη(z)=∏a:ηa=i(z−xa)2ai(z)∏a:ηa≠iqiηa(z,xa)∈e(η)Ae(η)((z−1)). Every denominator is expanded by its monic leading coefficient; its coefficients are polynomials in the old dots. Then for every integer m≥0, Tiγ(e(ηi)xn+1m)=e(η)[z−1]zmRiη(z). The associated series coefficients, collected over all η of weight γ, are central in A.

For distinct i,j, take u,v to label respectively the i,j terminal dots, and let g∈(e(η)Ae(η))[u,v], with coefficients placed on the left. Use the right-append homomorphisms to evaluate its coefficients. Relabel u,v in the ηji corner by color, so that u=xn+2 and v=xn+1 there. Both following compositions are actual maps to e(η)Ae(η): TiγTjγ+αi(e(ηij)Qij(u,v)g(u,v))=tjiDη(g), TjγTiγ+αj(e(ηji)Qji(v,u)g(u,v))=tijDη(g), where a common residual map is explicitly Dη(g)=[u−1v−1]g(u,v)Riη(u)Rjη(v). These identities include arbitrary downward prefixes, all input weights and zero corners. They establish the two-return terminal quadratic contraction. They do not identify the residual maps of the zero-return or one-return terminal patterns. In the homogeneous standard case the cap has degree 2di(1−hi); arbitrary monic specializations assert the ungraded formulas.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The datum, framing, actual caps, old word, and polynomial input of the Statement, with first-strand cyclotomic relations and right append.

[F1]

The actual cap is A-bilinear, and its transport uses an isomorphism of first adjoints preserving the first unit (Cyclotomic induction and restriction have compatible Frobenius dual bases). Thus the ordinary first unit is inclusion into the append corner, while the actual second cap is the transported formal second counit, including shifts.

[F2]

The formal normalized counterclockwise bubble with m literal dots has coefficient index m−h+1 in Hμ, with negative coefficients zero. Adjoining an i root x multiplies H by (1−xt)2; adjoining a distinct j root x divides it by t−aijQij(t−1,x)/tij (The minimal-parabolic KLR diagram proof category). These equations hold under the actual quotient transport; at the vacuum HΛ=(airev)−1 (Oriented minimal-parabolic normal forms and the cyclotomic cap ideal).

[F3]

The KLR dot relations commute an old crossing with appended terminal dots, distinct-color crossings permute their two dots without correction, and equal-color crossings commute with symmetric polynomials in those dots. Also Qij(u,v)=Qji(v,u), and tij∈k× is the monic extremal coefficient (The quiver Hecke (KLR) algebra of a symmetrizable Cartan datum). The monic quotient is The cyclotomic KLR quotient at a dominant integral weight.

Proof

Proof technique: identify the actual terminal cap with its transported bubble coefficient, slide that coefficient through the old word, and cancel the terminal quadratic before taking two formal coefficients.

1.1F1F2givenalgebra

Actual cap and index. Apply the ordinary first unit to e(η) and decorate its appended strand with m dots; the resulting element is e(ηi)xn+1m. The canonical first-adjoint transport preserves that unit by [F1]. Its actual second counit consequently evaluates this element as the transported diagram εμ′xmημ, with μ=Λ−γ. This is the counterclockwise bubble of [F2], hence e(η)Hη,m−hi+1. This calculation identifies the constructed Tiγ itself; it does not replace it by a chosen coefficient functional. Negative indices give zero, and no sign or weight shift is omitted: the literal-dot index is m−hi+1, and its degree is 2di(m−hi+1)=2dim+deg⁡Tiγ.

2.1step 1.1F2algebra

Slide through the prefix. Starting with the vacuum value in [F2], slide the bubble through the chronological letters of η. Each coefficient computation is finite because every reversed monic factor has constant coefficient one. The resulting series is Hη(t)=∏a:ηa=i(1−xat)2/(airev(t)∏a:ηa≠iqiηarev(xa,t)). The numerator has degree 2#{a:ηa=i} in z, the denominator has degree λi+∑a:ηa≠i(−aiηa), and their difference is −hi. Therefore Riη(z)=z−hiHη(z−1). Extracting coefficient z−1 from zmRiη(z) extracts precisely index m−hi+1 from Hη. Combined with step 1.1 this proves the actual terminal-dot formula, without restriction on the sign of hi.

3.1step 2.1F1F3algebra

Centrality and old algebra factors. For an equal-color adjacent pair in η, the two factors of Hη are symmetric in their dot variables, so each coefficient commutes with its crossing by [F3]. For a distinct-color pair, swapping the color-variable pairs sends the coefficient in the η summand to the coefficient in the swapped-word summand; its crossing has precisely that dot-permutation relation with no correction. Thus the finite sum of these coefficients over the words commutes with every crossing, every dot and every idempotent, which generate A. They are central. Appended terminal dots commute with all old generators. For any b∈e(η)Ae(η), [F1] consequently evaluates ιi(b)e(ηi)xn+1m as b e(η)[z−1]zmRiη(z). By linearity this identifies the actual cap on every polynomial terminal with arbitrary old algebra coefficients.

4.1step 2.1step 3.1F3algebra

First actual quadratic contraction. Put the i dot u on the appended prefix ηi. Its actual terminal-j formula of step 2.1 uses Rjηi(v)=tjiRjη(v)/Qji(v,u). In this identity the inverse is expanded at infinity in v and has polynomial coefficients in u and the old dots. Apply step 3.1 termwise to the polynomial Qij(u,v)g(u,v): its old coefficients lie in the append image of A[u]. Since Qij(u,v)=Qji(v,u), the denominator cancels in the Laurent series before taking the coefficient. The actual inner cap therefore gives tji[v−1]g(u,v)Rjη(v). This is a polynomial in u with old algebra coefficients: g has finitely many powers of u,v, and only finitely many series coefficients contribute to v−1. Apply the actual outer i cap by step 3.1. The result is tji[u−1][v−1]g(u,v)Rjη(v)Riη(u).

5.1step 3.1step 4.1algebra

Second contraction and common map. Interchange i,j and keep the variables labeled by color. Now the inner i cap uses Riηj(u)=tijRiη(u)/Qij(u,v), giving tij[v−1][u−1]g(u,v)Riη(u)Rjη(v) after the outer j cap. Following the quadratic cancellation, each series depends on only its own terminal variable and the old commuting dots. Their coefficients commute with one another. On the finite polynomial g, both extractions use finitely many coefficients and therefore commute. The result of step 4.1 and this result are respectively tjiDη(g) and tijDη(g) in the same old algebra corner. This is an equality of actual cap compositions, with an explicit common residual map before any prefix closure; no common finite flag coefficient ring or symmetric trace was assumed.

6.1step 1.1step 2.1step 4.1step 5.1F1F3algebra∎

Quotients and boundaries. Every input is evaluated by the actual append homomorphisms and actual quotient caps; two polynomial inputs with the same terminal quadratic image give the same cap value. Because tij,tji are nonzero, the identities also show that Dη vanishes on each kernel of the corresponding quadratic evaluation. No injectivity of the append homomorphisms is required. If an old or terminal corner is zero, the same equations are identities of zero actual maps. For the empty prefix Ri(z)=1/ai(z), giving ordinary monic top-coefficient extraction; ai=1 and negative bubble indices are included by step 1.1. Every inverse-series coefficient is obtained by finite recursion from a unit constant term. Thus arbitrary monic field specialization preserves the argument, with grading forgotten, and there is no separability, characteristic-zero, finite-type or choice hypothesis. In the standard homogeneous case the degree asserted in step 1.1 agrees with [F1], and the two composite cap degrees agree in the two orders by diaij=djaji. The two-return contraction is proved; no conclusion about other terminal matching patterns is used or needed.

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