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A good clopen family for summable slaloms
Statement
In Cantor space there are fixed, countably indexed clopen sets () and a sequence in which every nonempty basic cylinder occurs infinitely often, with these properties:
- for every ;
- for every dense open and every , some ;
- whenever has , the intersection is nonempty.
The array has a fixed countable clopen code, and the construction uses no choice beyond finite, explicit least-index searches.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Cantor space with its finite binary cylinder base.
Finite unions and intersections of cylinders are clopen; every nonempty open set contains a cylinder. (The product set of functions choosing a point in each factor, the projections, the box topology, and the product topology as the initial topology of the projections; the empty product is a one-point space)
Proof
Enumerate all clopen subsets of as , with every clopen occurring infinitely often. Such sets are finite unions of basic cylinders: compactness of gives a finite subcover by cylinders, and compactness follows directly from the finite-branching binary tree. Fix a repeating enumeration of the nonempty basic cylinders. All enumerations can be obtained by listing finite binary words and finite lists, so their codes are fixed without a choice.
Fix . For each , let consist of indices such that for every , The empty is included. These are finite tests on clopen codes, so each is a fixed, decidable set of indices.
If is dense open, then contains arbitrarily large indices with . Indeed, there are only finitely many nonempty clopen sets in step 2.1. For each such choose the least coded basic cylinder . Their finite union is clopen, lies in , and meets every nonempty . The repeating clopen enumeration lists beyond every prescribed . Thus the required exists, and all choices were finite least-index choices.
Put . List, with repetitions if necessary, every clopen set of the form where and for ; call the resulting enumeration . There are infinitely many such tuples by step 3.1 with . Every listed union meets through its first term. For a dense open , choose with , then recursively choose with by step 3.1. The resulting lies in .
Take listed unions, writing the -th one as with . Select distinct rows as follows: at stage , among rows not yet selected, choose one with the least -th index . We claim by induction that At this is the condition on . For , row was available at every earlier stage , so . Hence all previously selected indices belong to . As , the defining implication of step 2.1 preserves the nonempty intersection when is added.
Each selected diagonal clopen lies in its row union . Thus step 5.1 gives for ; the empty intersection is and is nonempty. Removing repeated members from a family of at most sets only reduces , so this proves the third property. The first two properties were proved in step 4.1. ∎
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
9 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Tomek Bartoszyński, Invariants of Measure and Category, Lemma 3.15, printed pp.10–11 (standard reference, not scraped)