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One-sided support forces its analytic conormal wavefront
Statement
Let be a real-analytic manifold, let , and let be a hypersurface through , meaning that in a smooth local chart it is the graph of a function with nonzero conormal . Let vanish on one side of in a neighborhood of , meaning that in such a chart its restriction is zero on either the strict epigraph or strict subgraph of that defining function. If either or , then in a neighborhood of .
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The real-analytic manifold , a hypersurface through , a distribution , one-sided vanishing, and the stated analytic-wavefront hypothesis.
Distributions, conormal kernels, and cotangent relations: distributions are continuous functionals on compactly supported smooth densities, so localization to a chart is defined.
Support of a distribution: the support is the complement of the largest open set on which the distribution vanishes.
Both analytic normal directions at a flat support boundary: a distribution supported in a closed half-space at a support point has both oriented normal covectors in its Gaussian analytic wavefront set.
The Euclidean inverse function theorem supplies the local inverse used to put the hypersurface in graph form; differentiating the inverse identity preserves its regularity.
Analytic cutoff sequence and local FBI invariance: analytic coordinate changes preserve the Gaussian criterion with its cotangent transformation.
Proof
Given: The data in the statement.
Work in an analytic ambient chart centered at . The hypersurface remains in that chart, since changing from its given smooth chart is a smooth diffeomorphism. A real linear coordinate change makes its tangent plane nonvertical. The implicit graph theorem then writes it as , with of class : the inverse of a map with invertible derivative is , by differentiating the identity for its inverse twice. Translate to have . Shrink to a convex ball on which . Taylor's integral formula gives Both supporting quadratics are real analytic and have the same differential as at .
Suppose first that vanishes on the strict subgraph of . Its local support lies in , hence in . The analytic shear has analytic inverse , determinant , and sends this latter closed side into . If instead vanishes on the strict epigraph, its support lies in and use the corresponding analytic shear with . In either case the pulled-back normal at is , a nonzero scalar multiple of the supplied conormal . This flattens an analytic supporting quadratic; it does not flatten the original graph analytically.
If already vanishes near , there is nothing to prove. Otherwise by [F2]. Localize inside the chart. Under the appropriate shear, [F3] then puts both and in the analytic wavefront set at the origin. By [F4] these are exactly both conormal orientations at , up to positive frequency scaling. Either absence hypothesis in the statement contradicts this conclusion. Thus near . Every construction used finite-dimensional coordinates and explicit quadratics; it introduces no choice assumption.
Depends on
- Distributions, conormal kernels, and cotangent relations
- Analytic wavefront set by Gaussian FBI packets
- Analytic cutoff sequence and local FBI invariance
- Real analytic germs in several variables
- Support of a distribution
- Both analytic normal directions at a flat support boundary
- The Euclidean inverse function theorem
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Marco Mazzucchelli, Mikko Salo, and Leo Tzou, A general support theorem for analytic double fibration transforms (standard reference, not scraped)
- Johannes Sjöstrand, Singularités analytiques microlocales (standard reference, not scraped)