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An irreducible unitary affine module has irreducible ground space

Statement

If H is an irreducible positive-energy unitary module as in Positive-energy unitary module for an affine current algebra, then its ground space H0 is an irreducible module for the compact zero-mode algebra k.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The grading, mode adjoints, finite-dimensional energy spaces, and irreducibility in the definition.

[F1]

Positive-energy unitary module for an affine current algebra: H0 is finite-dimensional and nonzero, zero modes preserve H0, and X(0)∗=−X(0) for X∈k.

[F2]

Untwisted affine central extension: the commutator of two current modes is one current mode plus a scalar central term.

Proof

1.1F1choose

Among the nonzero k-invariant subspaces of finite-dimensional H0, choose one, V, of least positive dimension. Its orthogonal complement is invariant: if w⊥V and v∈V, then ⟨X(0)w,v⟩=−⟨w,X(0)v⟩=0. Thus V is an irreducible k-module.

2.1F1F2step 1.1constructalgebra∎

Every positive current mode annihilates V, since it lowers the nonnegative energy below zero; zero modes preserve V. Any finite word in current modes can be reordered into negative modes, then zero modes, then positive modes by repeatedly using AB=BA+[A,B]. Each commutator term has shorter word length by [F2], so induction on word length and the finite number of inversions gives a finite reordering. Positive modes then kill V, and negative modes raise energy. Thus the current submodule generated by V has ground space exactly V. It is nonzero, so irreducibility of H makes it all of H; hence H0=V.

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