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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedaudited 2026-09-14
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The Moore colouring forbids cross-injections

Statement

In ZFC, if X,Yω1 have countable intersection, then no uncountable subspace of (X,τ[X]) admits a continuous injection into (Y,τ[Y]).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: ZFC and X,Yω1 with XY countable.

[F1]

Moore's clopen-generated topology gives a clopen finite-Boolean base and xWη iff either x=η or η<x and c(η,x)=1.

[F2]

The Moore colouring realizes finite binary patterns realizes every binary pattern on the graph of a finite coordinate map.

[F3]

Under choice, the uncountable Δ-system lemma for finite sets gives an uncountable Δ-subfamily of any uncountable family of finite supports.

[F4]

The Axiom of Choice supports the simultaneous neighborhood choices and the finite/countable thinning steps.

Proof

technique · contradiction
1.1

Suppose f:X0Y is continuous and injective for an uncountable X0X. Delete the countable sets X0(XY) and f1(XY). After this deletion, every remaining α and f(α) are distinct and lie on opposite sides of XY and YX. One of the two orientations α<f(α) or f(α)<α holds on an uncountable subfamily; retain it.

F4givenassume-contra
2.1

For each retained α, continuity at α and the neighborhood Wf(α)Y of f(α) give a basic clopen Uαα with Uαf1(Wf(α)Y). Encode Uα by a finite support FαX and its membership-bit function. Add α to the support if necessary.

F1F4step 1.1
3.1

Apply F3 and then finite/countable pigeonhole thinning so that the Fα form a Δ-system with root F, all petals have one size k>0, the membership bits on the fixed root F have one fixed vector, the membership bits on the increasingly enumerated petals have one fixed vector χ0, the root lies below every retained α, and the order type of each petal together with f(α) is constant. These are separate finite thinnings: agreement of the petal pattern alone would not control the root coordinates. Because XY is countable and the petals are disjoint, discard the countably many petals meeting XY. The families A={(FαF){f(α)}:α} and B={{β,f(β)}:β} are therefore uncountable, fixed-size, and pairwise disjoint.

F3F4step 1.1step 2.1
4.1

Enumerate each member of A and B increasingly. The uniform order types give an insertion coordinate rk for f(α) in the first enumeration, a column s<2 occupied by β in the second, and the other column t<2 occupied by f(β). Define π:k+12 by π(r)=t and π(i)=s for ir. Define the desired bit at row r to be 0, and at every other row to be the corresponding petal bit from χ0.

step 3.1
5.1

By [F2], choose aA and bB with a<b that realize these bits. Let a=(FαF){f(α)} and b={β,f(β)}. At the inserted row, c(f(α),f(β))=0, and a<b ensures f(α)<f(β); hence f(β)Wf(α).

F1F2step 4.1
6.1

At every petal row, the realized bit says that β satisfies the corresponding petal literal in the finite Boolean condition defining Uα. At every root row, the separately stabilized root vector has the same value for Uα and Uβ; since βUβ and the root lies below β, F1 translates each root membership into precisely that fixed colouring bit. Thus every root and petal literal defining Uα holds at β, so βUα.

F1step 2.1step 3.1step 5.1
7.1

The containment chosen in step 2.1 now gives f(β)Wf(α), contradicting step 5.1. The construction used the orientation only to decide which column of the increasing pair is β; step 4.1 handles both orientations through s,t. Hence no such continuous injection exists.

step 2.1step 4.1step 5.1step 6.1discharge-contradiction

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