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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The rack kink map is bijective

Statement

Let R be a rack, with right translations Ry(x)=x∗y. The kink map π:R→R, π(x)=x∗x, is a bijection. Its inverse is π−1(z)=Rz−1(z).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A rack R and Ry(x)=x∗y.

[F1]

Racks, diagram fundamental quandles, and adjoint groups: every right translation is bijective and (x∗y)∗z=(x∗z)∗(y∗z).

Proof

1.1F1given

Self-distributivity gives (w∗x)∗x=(w∗x)∗(x∗x) for every w,x. Thus Rx(Rx(w))=Rx∗x(Rx(w)). Since Rx is surjective, the two permutations agree: Rx∗x=Rx, or Rπ(x)=Rx.

1.2F1construct

Fix z∈R and put x=Rz−1(z), which exists by [F1]. Then x∗z=z. Self-distributivity says Rz∘Rx=Rx∗z∘Rz=Rz∘Rz. Cancel the bijection Rz on the left to obtain Rx=Rz. Therefore π(x)=Rx(x)=Rz(x)=x∗z=z, so π is surjective and the displayed formula gives a preimage of every z.

2.1F1step 1.1step 1.2algebra∎

If π(x)=π(y), then step 1.1 gives Rx=Rπ(x)=Rπ(y)=Ry. Hence Ry(x)=Rx(x)=π(x)=π(y)=Ry(y). Since Ry is injective, x=y. Thus π is injective as well as surjective, and step 1.2's formula is its inverse. If R is empty, the unique map R→R is bijective and the conclusion is vacuous.

Depends on

Used by

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Sources