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Low-dimensional real Clifford algebra models
Statement
Use the positive-square-first convention , and let have the meaning in Real, complex, and quaternion coefficient algebras and matrix notation. Then
| Signature | Algebra |
|---|---|
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The real Clifford quotient with relation , the displayed standard signatures, and the coefficient algebras .
In the Clifford quotient, each canonical generator satisfies (Universal Clifford algebra of a quadratic space).
A linear map from a quadratic space to a unital associative algebra that satisfies every square relation extends uniquely to its Clifford algebra (Universal property of the Clifford algebra).
For an ordered basis of an -dimensional quadratic space, the increasing square-free Clifford monomials form a basis of size (PBW basis and exterior associated graded for a Clifford algebra).
The real algebra has basis with (Real, complex, and quaternion coefficient algebras and matrix notation); every complex number has a unique form , so is a real basis of ( is a field, every element is uniquely , and every nonzero element has inverse ).
Proof
For , send its positive generator to ; every multiple then squares to , so [F2] gives a homomorphism. Its image contains and , which span the target over , and [F3] gives dimension on the source, so the map is an isomorphism. For , send its negative generator to ; every multiple squares to , and the images are a basis, so [F2]–[F3] give an isomorphism.
Let , , and . Direct multiplication gives , , and , . Hence and for all real , so [F2] gives the required homomorphisms from and . In each case the images of , the two generators, and their product are the four linearly independent matrices in some order, so the maps are surjective; [F3] gives dimension on each source, making both maps isomorphisms.
Send the two negative generators of to . They square to and anticommute, so every linear combination squares to and [F2] gives a homomorphism. Its image contains , the basis in [F4]; [F3] gives dimension on the source, so this homomorphism is an isomorphism.
Depends on
- Real, complex, and quaternion coefficient algebras and matrix notation
- $\mathbb C=\mathbb R[x]/(x^2+1)$ is a field, every element is uniquely $a+bi$, and every nonzero element has inverse $(a-bi)/(a^2+b^2)$
- Universal Clifford algebra of a quadratic space
- Universal property of the Clifford algebra
- PBW basis and exterior associated graded for a Clifford algebra
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Jean Gallier, Clifford Algebras, Clifford Groups, and a Generalization of the Quaternions: The Pin and Spin Groups, §1.6 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Konstantin Wernli, Lecture Notes on Spin Geometry, §1.4.1, Proposition 1.4.5 and Table 1.1 (standard reference, not scraped)