Alphabeta Math
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Real names are captured and coded meagre unions are absorbed

Statement

In the generic extension by the final algebra B of the CH-length construction, every name for a real, for a Borel code, or for a countable sequence of ordinals is equivalent to a name over some Bα. Consequently, for every such sequence s, a later UM quotient makes the union of all meagre Borel sets coded in V[s] meagre. When the construction starts over L, the choices made by the generic on the countably many deciding antichains for s are coded by one real, while the ground-model name and antichain enumerations have ordinal codes; hence s is definable from that real and finitely many ordinals.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A B-generic filter G over a ground model V, the CH-length chain (Bα)α<ω1 of Shelah's CH-length homogeneous sweet construction with union B, and a B-name s˙ for a real, a Borel code, or a countable sequence of ordinals.

[F1]

Shelah's CH-length homogeneous sweet construction: the sweetness-model chain is continuous, each Bα=BA(Pα) is a complete subalgebra of B, the final identity is B=α<ω1Bα, and B is ccc. Arbitrarily late successor quotients carry the canonical UM presentation; in particular, every antichain in B is countable.

[F2]

Forcing theorem: forcing is definable and satisfies the truth lemma.

[F3]

Monotonicity, density, and decision for forcing: for each formula the conditions deciding it are dense; with The Axiom of Choice, one may extend a maximal antichain inside each such dense set.

[F5]

A universal-meagre generic absorbs old nowhere-dense sets: a UM quotient absorbs all ground-model closed nowhere-dense sets into a single coded meagre envelope.

[F6]

The canonical definable global well-order of L: in a constructible ground every forcing name, antichain and enumeration used below has a canonical ordinal code; the same well-order is computed internally in L.

Proof

1.1

Capture of reals: let x˙ be a B-name for a real. For each n<ω, [F3] makes the set of conditions deciding the value of x˙(n) dense; use Choice to take a maximal antichain An in that dense set, labelled by the decided value 0 or 1. Each An is countable by the ccc in [F1]. Thus A=n<ωAn is countable, and the set of stages in which its members occur is countable and bounded by some α<ω1 by [F4]. Since Bα is complete in B, every An remains maximal in Bα. The labelled antichains therefore define a Bα-name x˙α; for every generic G, the unique member of AnG gives both x˙G(n) and (x˙α)GBα(n), so the two names have the same value coordinatewise. Hence every real name is equivalent to a Bα-name.

F1F2F3F4
2.1

Capture of countable ordinal sequences and Borel codes: for a name forced to be a function from ω to the ordinals, apply [F3] to each coordinate and choose a maximal antichain every member of which decides that coordinate as a check ordinal. The forcing theorem guarantees that this deciding set is dense; no upper bound on the decided ordinals is assumed in advance. The union of the antichains is countable by [F1] and Choice, so [F4] bounds the birth stages of all its Boolean conditions below one α. The ordinal labels are ground objects and may be used unchanged in the resulting Bα-name. A Borel-code name is a name for a hereditarily countable code; decide the entries of a fixed real/ordinal coding in the same way.

F1F2F3F4step 1.1
3.1

Suppose now that the ground is L. The original name s˙ is a ground set, and [F6] assigns it an ordinal code. For every coordinate choose the <L-least maximal deciding antichain and its <L-least enumeration an,k:k<ω (padding a finite antichain). The entire sequence of labelled enumerations is a constructible set and therefore has one further ordinal code. The generic meets exactly one an,k for each n; encode the resulting sequence of indices k(n) by one real r. From r and the two ordinal codes, the canonical L well-order reconstructs the name, every labelled antichain, and hence every value s(n). Thus s is definable from one real and finitely many ordinals. This argument uses the complete stage embeddings to locate the antichains; it does not claim that an ultrafilter on an arbitrary countably generated complete algebra is generated by algebra generators.

F1F2F6step 2.1
3.2

Absorption at a later UM quotient: let α capture s, so sV[GBα]. Choose βα for which the next quotient has the canonical UM presentation from [F1]. Then every closed nowhere-dense code in V[s]V[GBβ] is old for that exact UM forcing. By [F5], their union is contained in one meagre Fσ envelope coded by the quotient generic. Every meagre Borel code includes a countable closed-nowhere-dense cover, so the same envelope contains the union of all meagre Borel sets coded in V[s]. No transport of absorption through bare forcing equivalence is invoked.

F1F5step 2.1
4.1

The steps above prove the capture clauses and the absorption clause, and step 3.1 gives the constructible real-and-ordinal presentation; this is the Statement.

step 3.1step 3.2

Depends on

Used by

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Sources