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Adding a trivial normal line suspends the Thom space
Statement
For a supplied metric real vector bundle , naturally in bundle maps preserving the data. Quotients are taken in the compactly generated convention; for compact smooth these are ordinary compact Hausdorff quotient homeomorphisms.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: with metric and the standard metric on its added trivial line.
Disk bundle, sphere bundle, and Thom space: the differential topology interface fixes the disk/sphere quotient.
Products of quotient maps between compactly generated spaces are quotient maps for their k-products, without a weak-Hausdorff hypothesis (Compact-test exponential law and products of quotient maps).
Proof
Write points of as pairs with and , let denote the metric of and , the sum and max norms. The fiberwise radial map for and is continuous, has continuous inverse on the punctured set, and is continuous at zero along every direction because is bounded there. It carries the sum-norm disk onto the max-norm disk and, since , carries the sum-norm sphere onto the max-norm sphere . Thus is a homeomorphism of the two disk/sphere pairs.
When , by [F1] and step 1.1 the Thom quotient of is the quotient of by the union . By [F2] the product of the two disk-to-quotient maps is a quotient map onto . Compose it with the smash quotient, which collapses the two basepoint axes. This composite is a quotient map with one fibre and singleton fibres elsewhere, so it induces a homeomorphism When is compact the same identification is the ordinary quotient map of compact Hausdorff spaces.
In rank zero , the convention supplies with its disjoint basepoint. The smash is presented as . Collapsing the added basepoint component and the two endpoint copies gives exactly with the based convention, which is the disk/sphere quotient of the trivial line bundle. Thus the same homeomorphism holds without treating as an onto quotient map; for empty every space involved is a point. Every bundle map preserving the metrics and trivializations acts by the identity product formula and commutes with and with the quotient maps, so the homeomorphism is natural. Applying the result to the successive sums adds one suspension per specified trivial normal direction.
Depends on
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Sources
- May, A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology, Chapter 23 §5 (standard reference, not scraped)