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Stably trivial bundles over spheres below the rank are trivial
Statement
Let and let be a smooth rank- real vector bundle. If is stably trivial, i.e. is a trivial bundle for some , then is trivial. Under the additional classifying-space identifications of rank- bundles with maps to and stable bundles with maps to , the equivalent reformulation is that the classifying map of is null-homotopic whenever its image in is null-homotopic, and the natural map is injective for .
Facts & Assumptions
Part (i) gives choice-free Stiefel connectivity through complement rank minus one; part (ii) extends an admissible partial frame before choosing its orthogonal complement. Frame fields with prescribed boundary conditions along a clean Whitney disk
Gram–Schmidt orthonormalizes a finite independent list and preserves its successive spans. Gram–Schmidt turns every finite independent list into an orthonormal list with the same successive spans
A global vector-bundle frame gives a bundle trivialization and conversely. A vector bundle is trivial if and only if it has a global frame
Proof
Given: Integers and a smooth rank- real bundle with a supplied stable trivialization .
If , the base consists of two points and one finite basis choice in each fibre trivializes . If , the stable trivialization is already a trivialization. Otherwise equip the total trivial bundle with its Euclidean metric and orthonormalize the supplied -frame spanning the added trivial summand. It gives a map , and its orthogonal complement is isomorphic to by projection along the given direct sum. Since , the choice-free part (i) of the preceding Stiefel frame-fields lemma makes nullhomotopic; choose a continuous extension over .
The projection has constant rank over this ball. Its explicit finite-subdivision projection-and-Gram–Schmidt transport from the centre, given in that lemma, supplies a continuous complementary frame throughout. Restricting to the boundary trivializes continuously. To obtain a smooth frame, approximate its columns on the compact sphere by smooth ambient columns using a finite cover of sufficiently small round balls: choose smooth nonnegative bumps positive on smaller balls covering the sphere, normalize their finite sum, and form weighted averages of the column values at the finitely many centres. Uniform continuity makes these averages uniformly as close as desired to the original columns. Project them into the smooth complementary subbundle on the sphere. For sufficiently close approximations the Gram determinant remains positive by compactness, so Gram–Schmidt yields a smooth global frame. This is a finite construction and needs no countable choice.
A global smooth frame gives a smooth bundle trivialization. If the classifying-space identifications stated in the reformulation are supplied, stable triviality corresponds to a zero stable class and this implication gives injectivity of in the stated range. Only injectivity is claimed; the stronger isomorphism at the endpoint would require an additional surjectivity argument. The cases and were handled separately and no choice principle was used.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
23 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Andrew Ranicki, Algebraic and Geometric Surgery (Oxford Mathematical Monographs, Oxford University Press 2002; complete electronic copy) (standard reference, not scraped)
- Wolfgang Lück, A Basic Introduction to Surgery Theory (complete lecture notes, ICTP/Münster) (standard reference, not scraped)