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Taboo games reduce to pruned residual games
Statement
In ZFC, either the root of a taboo tree belongs to , or
is a nonempty pruned subtree. In the latter case every winning strategy for extends to a winning strategy for , for any . Restriction to preserves every positive Borel level. Consequently determinacy at each such level for pruned set trees is equivalent to determinacy at that level for set trees with taboos.
Facts & Assumptions
The reachability sets are disjoint and satisfy the some-child/every-child equivalences of Terminal reachability and residual positions.
The maximal-play and subspace payoff conventions are Game trees with terminal taboos.
Assume The Axiom of Choice, including the fixed winning reachability strategies from F1.
Proof
Given: A nonempty taboo tree and .
A root in has a strategy reaching an opponent taboo, which wins for independently of . Otherwise the root belongs to , and the all-prefix definition makes prefix closed. A node of cannot be terminal in , since each terminal is winning for the player opposite its label.
At , suppose is to move and is the other player. No child is in , since the some-child implication would put in . Some child is outside , since otherwise the every-child implication would put in . This child avoids both sets, and all its earlier prefixes are prefixes of ; hence it belongs to . Thus is pruned.
Let win for on . Follow it as long as play stays in . If the opponent first exits at child of , then by the some-child clause at the -position . Since this is the first exit, the only failing prefix is itself, so . Switch to the fixed reachability strategy at . A1 provides default legal moves after any first inconsistent own move, making the strategy total without affecting consistent plays.
A consistent play that exits therefore terminates at an opponent taboo. A consistent play that never exits cannot terminate by step 1.1, so is a branch of ; its payoff membership is unchanged by replacing with , and wins it. This proves the strategy transfer for either player.
A cylinder of restricts to the corresponding cylinder of , so opens restrict to opens. Moreover and . Induction over any positive-rank complement/union expression therefore preserves its Borel level, at limits as well as successors. Applying the hypothesized pruned-tree determinacy and step 4.1 proves the taboo direction; the reverse takes a pruned tree with both taboo sets empty. QED.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
7 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Lemma 1 (conclusion retained, erroneous downward-closure step replaced) (standard reference, not scraped)
- printed p64, residual-quasistrategy reduction (standard reference, not scraped)