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Zero-dimensional varieties are finite sets
Statement
A classical variety has if and only if its underlying set is finite. The empty set is included. A nonempty irreducible variety of dimension zero is one point.
Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement.
For a classical variety , let be its chain dimension. If are its irreducible components and is a closed point, define . The indexing family is nonempty. Say that has pure dimension if every irreducible component has dimension ; the condition on components is vacuous for the empty variety, whose dimension is nevertheless . Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Global and local dimension of classical varieties).
Every classical variety is Noetherian and has finitely many irreducible components. Every open or closed subvariety has a finite affine cover. Work over a fixed algebraically closed field , with the Axiom of Choice. Classical varieties are separated and admit finite affine covers; they may be reducible or empty unless irreducibility is specified. Irreducible means nonempty. All fibres and points below are classical closed-point fibres and points. (Classical varieties have finite irreducible decompositions).
Proof
Classical points are closed: in every affine chart a singleton is the zero locus of the coordinate differences from its coordinates, and closedness is local on an open cover. If , take its finite irreducible-component decomposition. For each nonempty component choose . If , the chain would have length one, contradicting the dimension bound. Thus every component is a singleton and is finite.
Conversely a finite set of closed points is a discrete topological space. Its only nonempty irreducible subsets are singletons, so a nonempty finite has dimension zero. The empty variety has dimension . These also prove the last assertion.
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Used by
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Sources
- Arapura §4.1 opening, p.30 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Milne §5j finite components and §9b fibres (standard reference, not scraped)