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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-05
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Brauer reciprocity

Statement

Let φ be an irreducible Brauer character. Its projective cover Pφ has a projective OG-lattice lift P^φ, unique up to the ordinary character it affords. If that character is Φφ, then for every ordinary irreducible character χ the multiplicity of χ in Φφ equals the decomposition number dχφ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: An ordinary irreducible character χ and an irreducible Brauer character φ.

[F1]

The decomposition number dχφ is the multiplicity of the simple module Sφ in the reduction of a stable lattice affording χ (Decomposition numbers and the decomposition matrix).

[L1]

Those multiplicities are nonnegative integers (Decomposition numbers are nonnegative integers).

[F2]

Projective covers and projective indecomposable characters are attached to the simple kG-modules as in Projective indecomposable characters and Cartan invariants.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

Write Pφ as the image of an idempotent matrix over kG. Because O is complete by [F3], idempotents lift through the ideal mMn(OG). A lifted idempotent has image a projective OG-lattice P^φ whose reduction is Pφ.

F2F3givenconstruct
2.1

Let Lχ be a stable lattice affording χ. Since P^φ is projective, formation of Hom from it commutes with extension to K and reduction to k. Hence dimKHomKG(KP^φ,Vχ)=dimkHomkG(Pφ,Lχ/mLχ). The left side is the multiplicity of Vχ in the split semisimple module KP^φ.

step 1.1algebra
3.1

The functor HomkG(Pφ,) is exact, and on a simple module Sψ it has dimension 1 for ψ=φ and 0 otherwise, because every map from Pφ to a simple module factors through its head Sφ. The right side of step 2.1 is therefore the composition multiplicity of Sφ in Lχ/mLχ, namely dχφ by [F1].

F1F2step 2.1
4.1

Thus the multiplicity of every χ in the ordinary character of KP^φ is dχφ. These coefficients depend only on Pφ, so the character is independent of the chosen lift and equals Φφ=χdχφχ.

L1step 3.1

Depends on

Used by

Cited to discharge well-definedness by Projective indecomposable characters and Cartan invariants.

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources