How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
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These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
AC implies BPI
Statement
Assume AC. Every proper Boolean filter has a maximal proper extension. Consequently BPI holds.
Facts & Assumptions
The Axiom of Choice is assumed.
Zorn's lemma gives a maximal element of a nonempty poset in which every chain has an upper bound, under AC.
Generated filters and the complementary-pair tests identifies maximal proper filters with ultrafilters and their complements with prime ideals.
The Boolean prime ideal principle defines BPI on nontrivial algebras.
Proof
Given: AC, a Boolean algebra and a proper filter in .
Let consist of the proper filters , ordered by inclusion. This is a set of subsets of and inclusion is reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive. It is nonempty because . The empty chain has upper bound .
For a nonempty chain , put . It contains and and excludes . If and , a member containing also contains . If , two chain members witnessing this are comparable, so one contains both and their meet. Thus and bounds the chain.
Apply F2, with AC supplied by F1 and its poset hypotheses checked in steps 1.1 and 2.1, to obtain a maximal . Every proper filter extending also extends and belongs to , so maximality in is maximal properness in . This application of Zorn is the use of AC.
For a nontrivial , start with the proper filter ; step 3.1 gives an ultrafilter whose complement is a prime ideal by F3. This is BPI by F4. For the trivial algebra there is no proper initial filter and BPI makes no existence demand. QED.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
12 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Tressl, Stone Duality for Boolean Algebras, 2.2.11, pp. 7–8 (standard reference, not scraped)