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TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Enumeration up to a crossing bound procedure properties

Statement

For every nonnegative integer N, the bounded enumeration procedure terminates and returns exactly the reconstructed candidates represented by normalized connected one-component planar-diagram codes with at most N crossings. Each returned candidate has a valid spherical face structure and a selected outer face. The procedure does not identify candidates that represent the same knot type.

Statement references

Enumerate diagrams up to a crossing bound — finite sign, pairing, and face-selection loops.

Planar-code validation and reconstruction procedure properties — exact validation and reconstruction of each candidate.

Hass–Lagarias–Pippenger, §§1, 7 — finite code input and reconstructed diagram candidates.

Erickson, “Planar Graphs” — rotation systems and outer-face choices.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A nonnegative integer N and the finite enumeration procedure on normalized planar-diagram codes.

[F1]

Planar-diagram, Gauss, and signed Dowker–Thistlethwaite codes: a normalized code with c>0 has crossing set {1,…,c}, four ordered darts at each crossing, sign-determined incoming/outgoing positions, a canonical edge labeling, and one selected face.

[F2]

Enumerate diagrams up to a crossing bound: for each c=1,…,N, the procedure enumerates every sign vector, every bijection from outgoing to incoming darts, and every face cycle as outer face, then retains exactly valid codes with one component.

[F3]

Planar-code validation and reconstruction procedure properties: the validator terminates and returns a diagram exactly for codes satisfying the prescribed format, incidence, crossing, component, connectedness, Euler face-count, and outer-face conditions.

[F4]

Planar-diagram, Gauss, and signed Dowker–Thistlethwaite codes: the c=0 normalized crossingless code has one of two orientation markers, ccw or cw, for its one component.

Proof

1.1givenF1F2F3F4algebra

Fix c≥1. There are 2c crossing-sign vectors. Each vector has exactly 2c outgoing and 2c incoming darts by [F1], so it has (2c)! bijections between them. Every resulting edge involution has 4c darts, hence at most 4c face cycles because its cycles are nonempty and disjoint. The number of candidate records considered at this c is therefore at most 2c(2c)!(4c). At c=0 the two orientation markers in [F4] give exactly two crossingless codes. Summing these finite bounds over 0≤c≤N proves that all loops and validator calls are finite; each validator call terminates by [F3].

2.1givenF1F2F3F4step 1.1

Every appended record is produced from a normalized code in the finite loops. It is appended only when the validator returns Valid and its component tracing has exactly one cycle. By [F3] this code is connected, has the required face count and outer face, and reconstructs the corresponding decorated diagram. Conversely, consider any normalized connected one-component code with c≤N. Its signs occur in the enumerated sign-vector list. Its edge involution pairs each outgoing dart with one incoming dart, so it is one of the enumerated bijections; its selected outer face is one of the enumerated face cycles. Canonical edge labels in [F1] then give exactly that normalized code. The validator returns Valid by [F3], and its one component passes the final filter, so the candidate is appended. At c=0, each of the two orientation markers in [F4] is among the initial candidates.

3.1givenF1F2step 2.1∎

The procedure's only equivalence-related operation is the fixed label normalization in [F1]. It performs no test between two returned diagrams and removes no candidates on the basis of planar isotopy or ambient isotopy in S3. Thus the exact output is the finite list of reconstructed code candidates, with possible repeated knot types, not a classification of knot types.

Depends on

Used by

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Sources