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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-04
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Finite-dimensional vector spaces are rigid

Statement

For any field k, every finite-dimensional k-vector space is rigid in the monoidal category Vectk.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A finite-dimensional k-vector space V.

[L1]

The category Vectk is monoidal under ⊗k (Modules over a commutative ring form a monoidal category).

[L2]

If (v1,…,vn) is a basis of V, then the dual family (v1∗,…,vn∗) is a basis of V∗ and satisfies vi∗(vj)=δij (The dual family of a finite basis is a basis of the dual space, with the same dimension).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenL2L3construct

By [L3], choose a basis (v1,…,vn) of V. Let (v1∗,…,vn∗) be the dual basis from [L2], and define ev⁡:V∗⊗V→k,f⊗v↦f(v), coev⁡:k→V⊗V∗,1↦∑i=1nvi⊗vi∗.

2.1step 1.1L2algebra

For each basis vector vj, the first zig-zag sends vj to ∑i=1nvi∗(vj)vi=∑i=1nδijvi=vj. By linearity it is the identity on V.

2.2step 1.1L2algebra

For each dual basis vector vj∗, the second zig-zag sends vj∗ to ∑i=1nvj∗(vi)vi∗=∑i=1nδjivi∗=vj∗. By linearity it is the identity on V∗.

3.1step 2.1step 2.2L1∎

Thus V∗ is a left dual of V. The same formulas, read in the mirrored order, make V∗ a right dual of V as well, so V is rigid. Since V was arbitrary and [L1] supplies the monoidal structure, every finite-dimensional object of Vectk is rigid.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources