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First cohomology classifies complements up to kernel conjugacy

Statement

Let G act on an abelian group A. Then H1(G,A) is in canonical bijection with the A-conjugacy classes of complements to the canonical copy of A in the semidirect product A⋊G.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: An action of G on an abelian group A.

[L1]

First cohomology is the quotient of crossed homomorphisms by principal crossed homomorphisms (First cohomology via crossed homomorphisms).

[L2]

A graph subgroup is a complement exactly when its defining map is a crossed homomorphism (A graph subgroup is a complement exactly for a crossed homomorphism).

[L3]

Conjugating a graph subgroup by a kernel element changes its defining crossed homomorphism by a principal one (Kernel conjugation by an element of the coefficient group corresponds to a principal crossed homomorphism).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenL1L2L3

If z:G→A is a crossed homomorphism, [L2] makes Γz a complement to A in A⋊G. By [L3], replacing z by a cohomologous cocycle replaces Γz by an A-conjugate complement. Hence the rule [z]↦[Γz] is well defined on H1(G,A).

2.1L2step 1.1construct

Every complement H≤A⋊G arises from some crossed homomorphism: the projection H→G is an isomorphism, so for each g∈G there is a unique element of H of the form (z(g),g), and [L2] says the resulting map z is a crossed homomorphism. Thus the map from step 1.1 is surjective on complement classes.

2.2L1L3step 1.1

If Γz and Γw are A-conjugate, then [L3] says w−z is principal, so [z]=[w] in the quotient [L1]. Therefore the map of step 1.1 is injective.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1step 2.2∎

Steps 1.1-2.2 give a bijection between H1(G,A) and the A-conjugacy classes of complements to A in A⋊G.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources