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Finite box fails to cure point gravitational collapse

Statement refuted

A finite enclosing box by itself guarantees a finite canonical partition function for a two-particle Newtonian point-attraction model.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: In SI units, let B=∏j=13(aj,bj)⊂R3 with finite aj<bj in metres. Let qi∈B be positions, pi∈R3 momenta in kg m s−1, m>0 a mass in kg, G>0 in m3 kg−1 s−2, β>0 in J−1, and h∗>0 a fixed action reference in J s. On Γ={(q1,q2,p1,p2)∈B2×R6:q1≠q2}, define the point Hamiltonian in joules by H=∣p1∣2+∣p2∣22m−Gm2∣q1−q2∣ and its dimensionless canonical partition integral by Z2(β)=∫Γe−βH d3q1 d3q2 d3p1 d3p2/(2!h∗6), using product Lebesgue measure. The collision diagonal is excluded, with no positive minimum separation imposed.

[F1]

For two equal positive masses and the stated point Hamiltonian in a bounded three-dimensional box with nonempty interior, the canonical partition integral with the dimensionless phase reference is infinite for every β>0. (Point collapse and unscaled gravity nonextensivity, clause 1)

Counterexample

1.1givenF1

The box B⊂R3 is bounded and has nonempty interior since each bj−aj>0. The phase variables, two equal positive masses, point Hamiltonian and reference measure are exactly those of [F1]; no short-distance cutoff is imposed.

2.1F1step 1.1∎

By [F1], Z2(β)=+∞ for this finite box and every β>0. This contradicts the refuted universal finiteness claim, so a finite outer box alone does not cure point collapse.

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