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Every finite-dimensional normed space is Banach
Statement
Let be a normed space over and assume admits an ordered basis of finite length. Then is a Banach space in the sense of Banach space.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A normed space over with an ordered basis .
The basis map is a topological isomorphism (A chosen algebraic basis identifies a finite-dimensional normed space with a coordinate space).
is the real coordinate plane with coordinate arithmetic ( is the real coordinate plane, with coordinate arithmetic). The coordinate function is a complex norm (The complex coordinate sum norm, including the zero space), and realification preserves its metric (Realification preserves a complex norm and its metric).
A Banach space is a normed space complete for its norm metric (Banach space).
Proof
By [L1], it is enough to prove that is complete for the coordinate norm, because a bounded bijection with bounded inverse preserves Cauchy sequences and their limits.
In the real case , if then is complete trivially. If , [L2] applies directly to the norm on , so is complete.
In the complex case, if the coordinate space is a singleton and complete. If , let send each coordinate to its real and imaginary parts. By [L3] it is a real-linear bijection, and is a real norm on . It is complete by [L2]. Since , the bijection transports Cauchy sequences and limits exactly; thus is complete in its complex coordinate norm metric.
Let be a Cauchy sequence in , and write . Since is bounded, is Cauchy in ; by steps 1.2 and 1.3 it converges to some . Since is bounded, in . Thus every Cauchy sequence in converges in .
By [L4], step 2.1 says exactly that is Banach.
Remarks
- The only substantive input is completeness of finite-dimensional real coordinate space. Everything else is transport of structure.
Depends on
The complex coordinate sum norm, including the zero space
Realification preserves a complex norm and its metric
A chosen algebraic basis identifies a finite-dimensional normed space with a coordinate space
All norms on a finite-dimensional complex normed space are equivalent
Banach space
For a sequence in converges iff each coordinate sequence converges, is Cauchy iff each coordinate sequence is Cauchy, and is complete in every norm
is the real coordinate plane, with coordinate arithmetic