How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Ordered Čech cochain complex of a cover
Definition
Let be a topological space, let be a sheaf of abelian groups on (A sheaf on a topological space), and let be a cover of by open subsets, indexed by a set that is equipped with a linear order .
For an integer define the group of ordered -cochains of with values in by the product of the section groups over all increasing -tuples in ; write an element as . For put . When has no increasing -tuple the product is empty and ; when an intersection is empty, the corresponding factor is the one-element group (A set-valued sheaf has a unique section over the empty open set).
The Čech differential is defined on an increasing -tuple by where means that the index is omitted and the restriction is taken from to the full intersection (Sections, restrictions, and global sections of a presheaf). For set . The maps are group homomorphisms, componentwise sums of restrictions, so the data form a cochain complex of abelian groups; that is proved in The Čech differential squares to zero. The pair being fixed, the construction is functorial in : a morphism of abelian sheaves induces componentwise maps commuting with the differentials.