How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Jordan blocks, Jordan strings, and their endpoints
Definition
For and , the Jordan block is the matrix with on the diagonal, on the superdiagonal, and elsewhere.
Let be an endomorphism. A Jordan string of length for at is an ordered list satisfying Its initial vector is and its terminal vector is . The initial vector is required to be nonzero; consequently every vector in the string is nonzero. In the ordered basis , the restriction of to the string's span has matrix under the coordinate-column convention (Coordinate columns and matrices of linear maps relative to ordered bases).
A Jordan string for a nilpotent endomorphism means a string at .