How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Chern–Simons and BF action data
Pure mathematics; no physical premises or empirical claim.
Definition
Let be a compact oriented smooth three-manifold, possibly with smooth boundary, and fix a trivialization of a principal -bundle over , where has finite-dimensional real Lie algebra . Give its Lie bracket and a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form satisfying . Write for smooth -valued -forms. Extend the Lie bracket and pairing to homogeneous simple tensors by and , then extend bilinearly.
A connection in the chosen trivialization is a form . Its curvature and covariant exterior derivative are and . Define the local Chern–Simons functional and the BF functional, for , by
These are integrals of smooth top forms on a compact oriented manifold. The Chern–Simons formula is the local expression in the fixed trivialization; it does not define a globally gauge-invariant exponentiated action on arbitrary nontrivial bundles without additional characteristic-class and level data. No path-integral measure, quantization, or identification with a Reshetikhin–Turaev amplitude is part of this definition.
Dependency tree · 0 levels
Nothing. This result depends on no other item in the library.