How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Nonzero Postnikov data retain higher gauge volume on a tetrahedron
Example
On the ordered tetrahedron , take with trivial action and . This is a normalized -cocycle of nonzero class. There are background objects, all gauge equivalent. For unit weight the higher sum is , with and at any background. The nonzero Postnikov cocycle is retained in the gauge transformations and their associator.
Example references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: the full ordered tetrahedron (including all its faces and edges), the finite data in the Example, and the absolute background gauge -groupoid, with all arithmetic modulo . No boundary field is held fixed and no relative gauge restriction is imposed.
Finite 2-group homotopy gauging and cochain gluing gives , where for unit weight. Its proof counts raw parameters; the particular stabilizers and transitivity below are calculated locally using [F2]–[F3].
Finite background gauge 2-groupoid gives flat edges and face constraint . A raw arrow has arbitrary vertex labels and edge labels , target edges , and target faces , where and . Two arrows with the same are related by a vertex -cochain exactly when their edge labels differ by ; different have no -arrows between them. Composition has edge label , with for successive edge backgrounds . Its associator is the vertex cochain . The normalized group cocycle and group coboundary conventions are those inherited by this definition from its background-cochain supplier.
Coherence and stabilizers of finite background gauge 2-groupoids establishes that these arrows preserve background constraints and form the stated -groupoid. It identifies with and with raw -automorphisms modulo the -arrows of [F2]. Thus , with no quotient of raw parameters by equality of their induced functions on backgrounds.
Verification
Normalization is immediate. The cocycle equation expands to since each monomial occurs twice modulo . If , its values at and imply . Then , contradicting .
Set and for . Flatness on gives , so flat edges are in bijection with the three unrestricted potentials , giving edge backgrounds. For each, the tetrahedron constraint in [F2] uniquely determines one face label from the other three, giving face assignments and objects in total. There are , so [F1] gives and .
For any object choose the vertex labels from step 1.2 and first take edge parameters zero. The target has and face labels . By [F3] it is still a background, hence . Now take identity vertex labels and set and for . Normalization makes this second arrow's zero. On , ; on , by . Thus its target faces are . Every object is therefore equivalent to the zero background.
At the zero background, an automorphism's target edges vanish exactly when all equal one constant . Every term of then has a zero argument, so normalization gives ; the remaining condition is . Such edge cocycles have exactly the form with , , by the triangle equations. Hence there are of them and raw automorphisms. The map has kernel the two constant vertex cochains and image precisely these edge cocycles: take for surjectivity. Therefore under addition. For two raw automorphisms all successive edge backgrounds are zero, so each term of also has a zero argument and composition is . The -arrows quotient the entire edge-cocycle factor, preserving , so as a group, also with order . By the equivalence in step 2.1, these homotopy groups have the stated isomorphism types at every background.
The single component has higher mass by [F1], agreeing with step 1.2. The nonzero is still present in the full background and gauge formulas. In particular, for three constant automorphism vertex labels at the zero background the associator is the constant vertex -cochain , nonzero when . Its coboundary is zero, so it is a retained -automorphism, not a discarded parameter. Thus no quotient by induced functions or replacement by a split model has entered the calculation.