How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
A bounded field whose solution leaves the domain in finite time: , on
Example
Let and let , , so that the first-order system is the free particle with velocity (The local flow of an autonomous first-order system). The solution of , is
Its maximal interval of existence is : at the position reaches the excluded boundary value , although is bounded on and the field extends smoothly to the plane. Hence a finite maximal interval does not require the field to blow up; the domain can force it.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The domain , the field , and the datum .
is continuous and locally Lipschitz in the state variable; the flow, maximal solutions and maximal intervals are those of The local flow of an autonomous first-order system and Extensions, maximal solutions, maximal intervals, and global solutions; every initial value problem has a unique maximal solution, and every other solution through the same data is a restriction of it (Every Picard–Lindelöf initial value problem has one maximal solution on an open interval, First-order systems, initial value problems, and solutions on intervals). A solution on an interval must satisfy for every (Intervals of : the nine order-convex forms, nondegeneracy, and length). [given]
Verification
The curve is defined for and lies in there because and ; it is differentiable with for every , and . So it is a solution on .
Maximality: suppose a solution through were defined on an interval containing some . By [L1] it agrees with on the overlap of their intervals and is continuous at , so , i.e. its position is at time ; but then does not lie in , contradicting the domain condition for a solution on that interval. Hence no solution through the datum is defined at , while is defined at every ; the maximal interval is exactly . In particular the maximal solution escapes the domain at the finite time with bounded on , so boundedness of the field alone does not guarantee a global solution.
Depends on
The local flow of an autonomous first-order system
Extensions, maximal solutions, maximal intervals, and global solutions
Every Picard–Lindelöf initial value problem has one maximal solution on an open interval
First-order systems, initial value problems, and solutions on intervals
Intervals of : the nine order-convex forms, nondegeneracy, and length
Dependency tree · 2 levels
Sources
- G. Teschl, Ordinary Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems (AMS Graduate Studies in Mathematics 140, online edition), Section 2.1 and the blow-up examples of Chapter 2 (maximal domains are determined by the open domain of the field, not only by the size of the field), printed pages 17-24
- J. Arino, MATH 8430 Fundamental Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations (University of Manitoba), Section 1.3 (maximal solutions and the role of the domain boundary), printed pages 22-30