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ExampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedverified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Single excitation jump law

Physical scope

An ideal trajectory-ensemble calculation for an undriven qubit in the finite amplitude-damping GKSL model. It predicts a model waiting-time law and state update; it is not a reported detector observation.

Example

In the normalized jump-branch ensemble for the finite amplitude-damping model, let γ≥0 be in s−1 and take the initial qubit state ∣1⟩⟨1∣. The no-jump survival weight at time t≥0 is e−γt. If γ>0, the ensemble assigns the first-jump time density γe−γt and post-jump state ∣0⟩⟨0∣; because there is no drive and L∣0⟩=0, there are no later jumps. If γ=0, no jump occurs and the survival weight is one. This is a model branch distribution, not a detector observation.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The qubit amplitude-damping model, initial state ∣1⟩⟨1∣, and the finite jump-trajectory branch definition.

[F1]

Amplitude damping with operational time units: for H=ℏω∣1⟩⟨1∣ and L=γ∣0⟩⟨1∣, the excited-state population obeys ρ11(t)=e−γtρ11(0) with t measured in seconds.

[F2]

Finite GKSL jump-trajectory branches: the no-jump operator is R(t)=etK with K=−iH/ℏ−L∗L/2, and a one-jump branch at time s has operator R(t−s)LR(s). Its branch-weight density is the real scalar trace of the branch state, integrated by the ordinary scalar Riemann integral; a degenerate interval has integral zero.

[F3]

Finite jump expansion and ensemble equation: the branch weights in the finite expansion form a normalized ensemble for each t≥0.

[F4]

exp⁡(z+w)=exp⁡z exp⁡w, and the complex exponential extends the real exponential: on real arguments, the complex exponential used in the model formulas agrees with the real exponential ex.

Verification

technique · evaluate the zero-jump and one-jump branch operators on the two qubit basis states
1.1givenF1F2algebra

For L=γ∣0⟩⟨1∣, the no-jump generator is K=diag⁡(0,−iω−γ/2). Hence R(t)∣1⟩=e−(iω+γ/2)t∣1⟩ and R(t)∣0⟩=∣0⟩. For the initial state ∣1⟩⟨1∣, the no-jump branch weight is Tr⁡(R(t)∣1⟩⟨1∣R(t)∗)=e−γt, equal to the excited population in [F1].

2.1F2F3F4F5step 1.1algebra∎

For γ>0 and a one-jump history at s∈(0,T), R(T−s)LR(s)∣1⟩=γ e−(iω+γ/2)s∣0⟩, since L∣1⟩=γ∣0⟩ and R(T−s)∣0⟩=∣0⟩. Its branch-weight density from [F2] is γe−γs. Because L∣0⟩=0 and R(u)∣0⟩=∣0⟩, every branch with at least two jumps has zero weight. The normalized ensemble [F3] therefore gives ∫0Tγe−γs ds=1−e−γT: the only nonzero contributions are the no-jump weight e−γT from step 1.1 and the one-jump integral. Letting T→∞, [F4] identifies this as the real exponential and [F5] gives e−γT→0 because γ>0; hence the first-jump density has total mass one. Each first jump leaves the normalized state ∣0⟩⟨0∣. If γ=0, then L=0, all positive-jump branches vanish, and the no-jump weight is one.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources