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Full module Jacobi identity for a square-zero screening deformation

Statement

Let A be an ordinary vertex algebra over C, with state fields Y(a,z)=∑n∈Za(n)z−n−1 satisfying the adjoint Jacobi identity. Let I⊂A be a square-zero ideal: Y(A,z)I⊂I((z)), Y(I,z)A⊂I((z)) and Y(I,z)I=0. Fix v∈I and a vertex subalgebra S⊂ker⁡Av(0). For a∈A put D(x)a=∑n≥1(−1)n+1nx−nv(n)a,Δ(x)=1+D(x). Each sum on a fixed a is finite. For every ordinary A-module (M,YM), the state fields Y~M(a,x)=YM(Δ(x)a,x),a∈S, define an ordinary S-module on the same vector space M. In particular they satisfy the full module Jacobi identity with the undeformed state products of S and the ordinary formal binomial expansions. This assertion requires an actual ambient vertex algebra and an actual ambient module; it does not construct either from oscillator formulas.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The ordinary vertex algebra A with its adjoint Jacobi identity, the square-zero ideal I, v∈I, the subalgebra S⊂ker⁡v(0), and the actual A-module (M,YM). Extend Y and YM coefficientwise to finite Laurent-polynomial state inputs; expansions of (x+z)−j below use nonnegative powers of z.

[F1]

The module convention in Module for an ordinary vertex algebra requires lower truncation, vacuum action and the full three-variable formal-delta Jacobi identity. The Given adjoint identity has the same formula with M=A and YM=Y.

Proof

1.1givenF1algebra

Truncation in A makes v(n)a=0 for sufficiently large n for each fixed a, so D(x)a∈I[x−1]. Every mode of v annihilates I by Y(I,z)I=0, and therefore D(x)I=0 and D(x)D(y)a=0. The vacuum creation identity Y(v,z)1∈A ⁣[[z]] gives v(n)1=0 for n≥0, whence Δ(x)1=1. Each deformed field is a finite sum of monomials in x−1 times module fields; it is thus linear in a and lower truncated on every vector of M. The vacuum acts as the identity by [F1].

2.1givenF1step 1.1algebra

Taking Res⁡z0 of the Given adjoint Jacobi identity and then Res⁡z1z1n, for an integer n≥0, gives [v(n),Y(a,z)]=∑j=0n(nj)zn−jY(v(j)a,z). Indeed, in the right-hand formal delta one substitutes z1=z+z0, whose nth power is the finite binomial sum; the residue in z0 selects v(j)a. For a∈S the j=0 summand is zero. Thus, with cn=(−1)n+1/n, coefficientwise in x−1 one obtains [D(x),Y(a,z)]=Y(D(x+z)a,z), because for each j≥1 the scalar coefficient is ∑n≥jcn(nj)zn−jx−n=(−1)j+1j(x+z)−j. To verify this last equality, put n=j+k, use (j+kj)/(j+k)=(j+k−1k)/j, and expand (1+z/x)−j=∑k≥0(−1)k(j+k−1k)(z/x)k.

3.1givenstep 1.1step 2.1algebra

Apply step 2.1 to b∈A. Since D(x+z)a∈I((x−1))[[z]] and D(x)b∈I[x−1], square-zero multiplication gives Y(D(x+z)a,z)D(x)b=0. Consequently the commutator identity rearranges to the exact intertwining identity Δ(x)Y(a,z)b=Y(Δ(x+z)a,z)Δ(x)b, for a∈S. Every coefficient in x−1 is a finite sum in step 2.1, so this equality has the stated binomial expansion and does not require evaluating convergent series.

4.1givenF1step 1.1step 3.1algebra∎

Fix a,b∈S and write δ(u)=∑r∈Zur. Apply the original module Jacobi identity [F1] coefficientwise to the finite Laurent-polynomial inputs Δ(x1)a and Δ(x2)b. Its left-hand side is exactly x0−1δ((x1−x2)/x0)Y~M(a,x1)Y~M(b,x2)−x0−1δ((x2−x1)/(−x0))Y~M(b,x2)Y~M(a,x1). Its right-hand side is x2−1δ((x1−x0)/x2)YM(Y(Δ(x1)a,x0)Δ(x2)b,x2). Formal-delta substitution replaces x1 here by x2+x0, expanded in nonnegative powers of x0; for a Laurent monomial this follows from x1rδ((x1−x0)/x2)=(x2+x0)rδ((x1−x0)/x2), for every integer r. Step 3.1 then changes the inner state to Δ(x2)Y(a,x0)b. Since S is a vertex subalgebra, the coefficients of Y(a,x0)b lie in S, so the resulting right-hand side is precisely x2−1δ((x1−x0)/x2)Y~M(Y(a,x0)b,x2). This is the full module Jacobi identity. Together with the truncation and vacuum verification in step 1.1 it proves every required module axiom.

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