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Finite simplicial weak topology agrees with euclidean topology
Statement
For finite , the weak topology on equals the Euclidean subspace topology in ; is compact, metrizable and Hausdorff. If is a finite subcomplex of any , then is a closed embedding, with that same finite Euclidean topology.
Source locators
2C.1 proof, p.178; direct closed-cover verification.
Facts & Assumptions
Weak openness is tested on every Euclidean simplex. The geometric realization of an abstract simplicial complex.
A closed bounded subset of a positive finite-dimensional Euclidean space is compact. Heine-Borel in : with the Euclidean metric a subset of is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded, and the proof by bisection uses no choice principle; the same holds on the real line.
Proof
Given: A simplicial complex and, for the last assertion, a finite subcomplex .
In a finite nonempty vertex set, each simplex is defined by nonnegative coordinates, sum , and zero coordinates outside its face. It is closed and bounded in the ambient finite-dimensional Euclidean space, hence compact. The finite union is also closed and bounded, hence compact by Heine–Borel. If has no vertices its realization is empty and compact directly.
If is weakly closed, then is closed in the Euclidean simplex, and thus closed in the ambient Euclidean space since is closed. Their finite union is , so is Euclidean closed. Conversely, a Euclidean relatively closed has closed traces on every simplex and is weakly closed. Consequently both topologies agree, and the Euclidean metric and Hausdorff property restrict to .
For finite and closed , write . For any , each summand meets in a closed subset of the common face , hence in a closed subset of . There are finitely many summands, so is weakly closed in . Conversely an ambient weakly closed set has closed traces on the simplices of . These two implications show that the inclusion induces exactly the topology of and is closed; taking proves the closed-image assertion.