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PropositionStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-10
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

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  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
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Cubical and spherical models of higher homotopy agree

Statement

For n≥1, a fixed orientation-preserving based homeomorphism h:(In/∂In,[∂In])⟶(Sn,s0) induces πn(X,x0)≅[Sn,X]∗, where homotopies fix the basepoint. Under the spherical pinch transported by h from collapse of the coordinate-1 middle face, cubical concatenation agrees with the spherical pinch operation.

Proof

Given: The spaces, maps, and hypotheses in the statement above.

1.1algebra

After centering and doubling the cube, its interior is (−1,1)n. The coordinate map vi↦vi/(1−∣vi∣) is a homeomorphism to Rn, with inverse wi↦wi/(1+∣wi∣). Approaching the cube boundary sends the Euclidean norm to infinity, and conversely bounded images stay away from that boundary. Thus the map extends to a homeomorphism of the collapsed-boundary cube with Rn∪{∞}. Inverse stereographic projection w↦(2w/(1+∥w∥2),(∥w∥2−1)/(1+∥w∥2)) identifies this compactification with Sn, taking the quotient point [∂In] to the north pole. Take that north pole as s0 and choose the sphere orientation to agree with the cube interior; this gives the required based h.

2.1F1F2F3step 1.1

Every boundary-constant map descends uniquely by F2, and every based spherical map pulls back to a cubical map. For a boundary-fixed homotopy, F3 makes its descent across (In→In/∂In)×idI continuous. Pullback is the inverse and preserves endpoint maps. The bijections on maps therefore induce inverse bijections on homotopy classes.

3.1F1F2step 1.1step 2.1∎

Collapse also the middle face s1=1/2. Each resulting half-cube with its boundary collapsed is an oriented based copy of the same sphere, using the positive affine rescalings 2s1 and 2s1−1 and the based homeomorphism h. The composite of this transported pinch with a on the first copy and b on the second pulls back to the defining formula for a∗b. Hence the operations agree.

Depends on

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