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PropositionStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-12
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Induced connection on exterior powers is a degree zero derivation

Statement

A connection on E induces a connection on each ⋀kE, including the scalar bundle ⋀0E. For sections S and T of exterior degrees p and q, ∇X(S∧T)=(∇XS)∧T+S∧(∇XT). There is no graded sign: the covariant derivative in a fixed direction has degree zero.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A finite-rank smooth real bundle with connection and nonnegative integers k,p,q.

[F1]

Tensor covariant differentiation commutes with permutations (Induced connections commute with contraction and permutation).

[F2]

Product connections differentiate each slot and the empty tensor product carries scalar differentiation (Product connection on tensor and hom bundles).

[F3]

Alternating covectors are alternating multilinear maps, with degree zero the scalars (Alternating k-covectors).

Proof

1.1F2F3

Realize ⋀kE as the alternating tensors in E⊗k, or alternating multilinear forms on (E∗)k. Locally the signed sums ∑σ∈Sksgn⁡(σ)eiσ(1)⊗⋯⊗eiσ(k) for i1<⋯<ik form a basis: alternation makes repeated-index coefficients zero and determines all distinct-index coefficients from the increasing ones. Frame changes preserve alternation, with smooth polynomial coefficients and smooth inverses. Hence these local frames define a smooth subbundle. The normalized alternating projection is Alt⁡k=(1/k!)∑σsgn⁡(σ)σ; alternation gives Alt⁡k2=Alt⁡k, and its image is exactly this subbundle.

2.1F1F2step 1.1

Since ∇X commutes with every permutation and real constant, it commutes with Alt⁡k. It therefore preserves the image and its restriction obeys the connection laws. Write the usual wedge of alternating tensors as S∧T=((p+q)!/(p!q!))Alt⁡p+q(S⊗T). Applying the product rule and commuting the alternating projection with the derivative gives the claimed sum with two positive signs.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1∎

Degree zero uses 0!=1 and ordinary scalar multiplication, so the formula becomes the ordinary scalar Leibniz rule. For k>rank⁡E there is no increasing index tuple and the bundle is zero; a rank-zero bundle consequently has only its degree-zero scalar part. Degree one returns E. Empty bases present no sections to test. The finite permutation sums and local frames require no AC.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources