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A limiting cone for a diagram is exactly a colimiting cocone for the formally dual diagram in the opposite category
Statement
For , let be the same object and arrow assignment with directions reversed. A cone is limiting in if and only if the reversed family is a colimiting cocone under in . The dual assertion exchanges colimits and limits.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A diagram .
Limits are terminal cones and colimits are initial cocones (Limits and colimits as terminal cones and initial cocones, with existence and uniqueness in their universal properties).
The opposite category has the same objects and reverses all morphisms and composites (Opposite category ).
A formally dual theorem follows by reversing every morphism and the order of every composite (Every theorem about categories has a formal dual obtained by reversing morphisms and composition).
Proof
Reversing gives . The cone equation reverses to the cocone equation .
A cone morphism reverses to a cocone morphism from to , and this operation is bijective on morphisms.
Consequently terminality of among cones is exactly initiality of among cocones. By [F1], this proves both directions of the asserted equivalence.
Applying the same translation a second time gives the colimit-to-limit statement. Any later appeal to duality uses this exact reversal of objects, arrows, hypotheses, and conclusion, as required by [L1].