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PropositionStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-12
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The difference of two connections is an endomorphism valued one form

Statement

For two connections ∇0,∇1 on the same bundle E, there is a unique smooth section B of Hom⁡(TM,End⁡E) such that ∇X1s−∇X0s=B(X)s. This is called an endomorphism-valued one-form. In a frame it has matrix ω1−ω0.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Two connections on a finite-rank smooth real bundle.

[F1]

The local coefficient rule is du+ωu (Local coordinate formula for a bundle connection).

[F2]

Connection matrices transform by conjugation plus A−1dA (Connection one form transformation law).

[F3]

The choice-free open-quotient construction gives Hom bundles with Hausdorff second-countable smooth structures and the fibrewise matrix transition rule (Connection on a smooth vector bundle).

Proof

1.1F1F3

Subtracting the local formulas cancels du: for s=eu, the difference is e(ω1(X)−ω0(X))u. At a point it depends only on X(p) and u(p), not their derivatives. Thus the matrix difference gives a smooth linear map TpM→End⁡(Ep) in each chart, including zero inputs.

2.1F2F3step 1.1∎

Under e′=eA, the two A−1dA terms cancel and the matrix difference becomes A−1(ω1−ω0)A. This is exactly change of basis for the same fibre endomorphism. These local maps agree intrinsically and define the claimed smooth Hom section. Every fibre vector is a value of a local constant-coefficient section; the equality for these sections determines the endomorphism uniquely. Equal connections give B=0; rank one gives scalar one-forms, rank zero gives the unique zero map, and an empty base imposes no values. This is a comparison of supplied connections and uses no existence theorem or choice axiom.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources